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What does free trade/trade liberalization entail and why can this process provoke public disquiet?自由贸易/贸易自由化意味着什么？为什么这个过程会引起公众的不安？
自由贸易/贸易自由化需要低关税或零关税来鼓励国际商品循环。在这一过程中，更发达的商品更容易接触到欠发达国家的人们，发达国家可以通过工作不那么复杂和劳动密集来增加他们的工作。因此，在欠发达国家将创造一些就业机会，同时，在这些国家，一些制造和生活在不太好的商品上的人将失去工作。在发达国家，大量的普通工人也将失业，因为劳动力密集的制造业将转移到提供廉价劳动力的发展中国家。因此，自由贸易自由化在发达国家和发展中国家都引起了公众的不安。然而，我认为这种不安是不必要的。尽管仍有声音声称贸易自由化会损害大多数人的利益，也会损害少数人的利益。保护主义会损害世界贸易和经济复苏，不会减少发达国家的就业机会（Bhagwati，2011年）。
What free trade/trade liberalization entails is with low or zero tariffs to encourage international commodity circularization. During this process, more developed commodity is easier to reach people in less developed countries and developed countries could increase their jobs by working less complex and labor intense work. Therefore, some jobs will be created in the less developed countries and meanwhile, some people who makes and lives on less superior commodity in these countries will loose jobs. In the developed countries, a big a mount of common workers will also loose jobs since labor intense manufacture industry will move to the developing countries, which provide cheaper labors. Therefore, free trade liberalization provokes public disquiet in both developed and developing countries. However, I think this disquiet is unnecessary. Though there are still voices claiming that trade liberalization is to jeopardize the benefit of the majority and to benefit the minority. Protectionism would hurt world trade and the economic recovery and will not decrease job opportunity from developed countries (Bhagwati, 2011).
Since November 10 2001, China, the world second largest economy body, has entered the World Trade Organization (WTO) 14 years. In the last 14 years, I think how the free trade benefits both China’s and the world’s economy has been the best speaker for world trade and trade liberalization. As the development of China’s trade liberalization and entering WTO, China gradually decreases tariffs or canceled some tariffs. On one hand, as a common Chinese, my daily commodities, such as iPhone, imported skin cares, etc., become cheaper. Meanwhile, according to the United Nations Development Programme, the poverty population ratio in China has also dramatically decreased in last decade. On the other hand, the GDP of China has been increasing stably in the last two decades. Therefore, I think free trade liberalization entails free commodity and resource exchange international. It also re-balances the job distribution in developed and developing countries according to their different advantages. During this process, it provokes public disquiet.
References
Amrita Narlikar and Dan Kim, ‘Unfair Trade? The Fair-trade Movement does more harm than good’ Foreign Affairs (Online), 4 April 2013.
In the process of the studying of the module of the AIR236, I have learned the contents of the procedures of the world economic system through the three phases.在对AIR236模块的研究过程中，我通过三个阶段了解了世界经济体系程序的内容。
首先，从15世纪50年代到30年代，全球经济体系的背景有四个特别重要的方面。首先，了解殖民影响和帝国主义进程的重要性至关重要。很明显，在殖民统治下，富有的欧洲列强控制了全球非西方社会。与此同时，在殖民地化时期，欧洲列强在领土和资源方面进行了完善和合作。其次，它是工业化，始于1760-1830年的英国，很快在其他欧洲国家复制。在这一时期，随着英国等欧洲大国的扩张，其现代经济体系开始影响世界其他地区。第三，它是自由贸易，从19世纪到第一次世界大战，这导致了一个相当稳定和繁荣的时代，特别是对英国和由帝国统治的世界经济而言。此外，第四点是大萧条，这是一场从1929年到第二次世界大战期间的全球经济大衰退，主要打击了美国。然而，考虑到美国经济在全球经济中的部分地位，它产生了至关重要的全球影响力。
Firstly, from the 1500s to 1930s, there are four especially important aspects to the background of the current global economic system. In the first place, it is crucial to understand the importance of the influence of the colonization and the process of imperialism. It is obvious that under colonization, the wealthy European powers took control of the non-western societies globally. Meanwhile, during the time of colonization, European powers took completion and cooperation on the aspect of territory and resources. In the second place, it is industrialization, which began in Britain in the period of 1760- 1830 and soon replicated in other European states critical. In the period of this time, with the expansion of Britain, and other European powers, its modern economic system started to influence the rest of the world. In the third place, is it free trade, from the 1800s to WWI, which lead to an era of considerable stability and prosperity, which is particularly for Britain and the world economically ruled by the empire. In addition, the 4th point is the Great Depression, which was a massive global economic recession that ran from 1929 to the Second World War, which majorly stroke the US. However, considering the partial of the US economy in the global economy, it developed crucial global influence.
Secondly, it iswhen the time flies to 1945 to 1970, from world war two to the establishment of the Bretton Woods system. During this time, after the great depression governments all over the world tried to protect themselves from this economic crisis by putting up protectionist trade barriers and devaluating their currencies.
Thirdly, during the time from 1970 to 1980s, this is time of oil crisis and rise of Neo-liberalism. The effects of these developments undermined and unsettled Keynesianism; the welfare state embedded liberalism and influenced the slight decrease.
In conclusion, in the level of neo-liberalism is a transnational ideology of capitalists in various western countries who were largely dissatisfied by Keynesianism, the welfare state and government intervention in the economy.
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