|
摘要 构建中小企业信用担保机制是解决中小企业融资瓶颈的重要途径，是建设和完善我国金融市场的重要组成部分。我国担保行业和担保机构通过十几年的快速发展，不断扩大规模数量和实现拓展业务的多样化，与银行类金融机构在贷款担保方面达成合作，在解决中小企业融资困难的问题上起到很大的积极推动作用。但随着深入发展，合作中存在的问题与风险也逐渐凸显。本文将主要论述银行类金融机构与担保机构合作的目前状况，针对其中存在的缺陷与风险，提出如何深化银行类金融机构与担保机构合作的对策，实现加快健全我国信用担保制度发展，实现合作共赢的新局面。 [Abstract] to build small and medium-sized enterprise credit guarantee mechanism is the important way to solve the bottleneck in financing smes, is an important part of the construction and improvement of China's financial markets. Our country guarantee industry and the rapid development of guarantee agencies through more than ten years, constantly expanding scale quantity and to realize the diversification of business, and banking financial institutions come to cooperation on loan guarantee, to deal with the problem of small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficult plays a big role in promoting. But with the in-depth development, the problems existing in the cooperation with risk also gradually highlights. This paper will mainly bank financial institutions and guarantee agencies of the situation, in view of the defects and the risk which exist, put forward how to deepen the banking financial institutions to cooperate with guarantee agencies, implement accelerate the development of a sound system of our country's credit guarantee, realize win-win cooperation. [key words] credit guarantee mechanism for bank guarantee agencies for small and medium-sized enterprise financing win-win cooperation I, overview of guarantee agencies Guarantee refers to the economic and financial activities, the creditors in order to guard against the debtor and the risk of default, reduce the capital loss, by the debtor or a third party to provide the performance security or financial or credit to assume corresponding responsibility, a kind of economic behavior in order to ensure the realization of obligee's rights. [1] Credit guarantee is accompanied by the development of commodity economy especially money into being with the development of credit system of intermediary activities. Credit assurance refers to the specialized in credit activities, through agreement with creditors in the form of guarantee for the debtor to provide guarantee, when the warrantee cannot the obligations as agreed in the contract, shall be conducted by the guarantor compensatory, assume the responsibility of the debtor or performance of the industry. It is a kind of credit proof and asset liability together financial intermediary behavior, can be ruled out when the small and medium-sized enterprise financing from financial institutions lack of collateral, supplement the shortage of the small and medium-sized enterprise credit, change the capital supply and demand both sides of the profit flow and residual control configuration, dispersing the risk of financial institutions to small and medium-sized enterprise financing, promote the financing transactions occur, and then optimize the financial structure. Is the main indirect financing on small and medium-sized enterprises in our country at present. In order to effectively solve the small and medium-sized enterprise loans difficult, the financing difficult problem, the government vigorously promote the development of financing guarantee institutions around, to meet the demand of small and medium-sized enterprise loan financing and financial service demand, has formed the policy guarantee agencies, commercial guarantee institutions, mutual guarantee institutions common development pattern. Guarantee agencies properties: the credit guarantee function of high-risk social credit intermediary. Internationally recognized as a social credit intermediary institutions and high-risk industry. Up the social credit intermediary agencies based on their credit and necessary capital management responsibility, and independence, justice, handsome, equal to the identity of a third party to provide credit products and services to the society from all walks of life. Credit guarantee business risk, is the responsibility, this nature determines the guarantee agencies must be able to take responsibility of power and the ability to control risk. Far for responsibility and amount of guarantee agencies and compensation mechanism. The credit guarantee risk identification, prevention and control and resolve of, should not pass on, cannot destroy. Risk identification and control by experience and technology and the risk prevention and resolve depend mainly on system and mechanism; Mainly depends on the control of risk dispersion. [2] Credit guarantee of basic business types have a nonprofit policy guarantee, for-profit commercial guarantee. Policy credit guarantee mainly reflects the government's policy objective and policy guidance, funded by the government or the established, will play a limited government resources reasonable allocation in various areas and to fill the role of the market failure; The business mainly through risk-taking, strengthen credit to business profits, to a certain extent, promote the credit chain smoothly and conducive to the role of credit allocation. Financing guarantee refers to the guarantor and the banking financial institutions and other creditors agreed, when the warrantee nonperformance owes creditors of debt financing, the guarantor shall bear the liability for guaranteeing the agreed in the contract. [3] Guarantee agencies mainly to small and medium-sized enterprise loans from financial institutions to provide professional credit guarantee, at a certain property agreement (or capital) as a basis and guarantee for the payment of the debt guarantee realize creditor's rights of the creditor facilities and means. Its basic function is, by means of credit guarantee for small and medium-sized enterprises and financial institutions set up a bridge between, to credit for small and medium enterprises financing difficulties and poor financial institutions lending to remove trouble back at home. Role of guarantee agencies mainly one is able to help solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprise loan difficult problem, create economic benefits for the national economy. Can alleviate the credit guarantee of small and medium-sized enterprise loans difficult, is beneficial to promote small and medium-sized enterprise credit rating and financing ability, improve the financing environment of small and medium-sized enterprises, promoting the healthy development of small and middle-sized enterprises. 2 it is can reduce the risk of bank credit and management costs, reduce the asymmetry of confidence, enhance the confidence of the bank loans to small and medium enterprises, reduce the moral hazard of the small and medium-sized enterprises operator. Three is to help the government's policy support of small and medium-sized enterprises, to expand employment, increase tax in our country, play a positive role, and bring huge economic benefits and social benefits. II, guarantee industry and the present status of guarantee agencies Our country guarantee industry and the rapid development of guarantee agencies through more than ten years, has made great progress, not only on the strength and the number of scale had the very big enhancement, the staff's quality, provide the scope of business, asset quality management has also got certain ascend, in our country, the system plays an important role in the national economy. Guarantee industry is arguably become a vibrant sunrise industry of our country. According to a 2010 held in guangzhou on September the 11th, head of the national small and medium-sized enterprise credit guarantee institutions joint conference, by the end of 2009, the national sme credit guarantee institutions has reached 5547, total registered capital of 338.9 billion yuan; That year for 37 m offered $1.0796 trillion in financing guarantee of small and medium-sized enterprises, accounting for 7.5% of the national small and medium-sized enterprise loan balance; The credit guarantee institutions that year revenue of 18 billion yuan, over taxes 1.64 billion yuan, profit of 4.45 billion yuan. Keep customers in 2009 2009, in the guarantee liability balance 728.9 billion yuan; Cumulative guarantee enterprise 1.12 million households, guarantee amount is 2.5 trillion yuan. Thus, credit guarantee has become an important power and help small and medium-sized enterprise financing channels, to our country credit guarantee agencies provide an important guarantee. Guarantee agencies began to boom in China's financing guarantee way, growing and gradually formed a separate financial related participants. The enormous financial role in promoting financing and guarantee agencies in the field of financial status by the government, society, commercial Banks related to the height of the financial institutions concerned. Relevant Banks and other banking financial institutions and guarantee agencies also gradually began to expand cooperation, continue to deepen and broaden the development field. [4] And the assurance of fujian province since 1998, has experienced more than ten years development course. The present status of the guarantee industry in fujian province can see according to the provincial economic and trade commission related information, an expanding scale of fujian province assurance, vigorous development. At the end of 2003, the province only 58 guarantee agencies, the total registered capital of 1.55 billion yuan, annual guarantee total 3 billion yuan, at the end of the balance of 1.85 billion yuan, total guarantee companies 2592, 4356 for the cumulative frequency of guarantee business. By the end of September 2009, the province's small and medium-sized enterprise credit guarantee agencies already amounted to 184, the registered capital of 12.06 billion yuan, compared with the same period in 2008: in coverage reached 16.4 billion yuan, up by 46%; Year guarantee total 23.04 billion yuan, a 60% increase; In the insurance enterprise 5620, a 40% increase; Guarantee the number 12700, a 25% increase. The province since its establishment has guarantee enterprise guarantee agencies more than 14000 households, accumulative total guarantee pen pen number 45000, the cumulative guarantee amount to 57.3 billion yuan.#p#分页标题#e# And small and medium-sized enterprises credit guarantee organization and diversified funding sources on state. In organization form, corporations guarantee agencies accounted for more than 96%, including enterprise guarantee agencies five, two corporate institutions. But look from the source of funds, in 2008 years, the government spent at 39, fully funded backed 40. Private investment guarantee agency, a total of 124, more than 61.08% of the total number of guarantee agencies in fujian province. In respect of guaranty registered capital, the government guarantees have 1.11 billion yuan, accounting for the province to guarantee 10.9% of the total amount of the capital, about 90% of guarantee capital funded by private capital, and is gradually rising. [5] III, guarantee agencies related policies The government, the social from all walks of life and all kinds of financial institutions gradually began to realize that potential and important role in the development of security industry, and how to guarantee market standardized operation and supervision and management of guarantee agencies also has been heavily promoted by the government and the social from all walks of life. Since 2009, our country national preparations guarantee company reorganization, the state council issued in a timely manner "about further several opinions to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, increase the fiscal and taxation credit support, improve the operating environment of the enterprise, emphasize give play to the role of small and medium-sized enterprise credit guarantee agencies, requirements to carry out the financial support and tax cuts. Then miit timely issued the about support to guide small and medium-sized enterprise credit guarantee agencies strengthen service, ease of small and medium-sized enterprises have difficulty in production and operation notice and "about strengthening the construction of small and medium-sized enterprises credit guarantee system work opinion", further clear of the small and medium-sized enterprises credit guarantee system construction about the fiscal support, tax breaks, for the pledge registration, bank-insurance cooperation, statistical monitoring and performance evaluation, and guarantee and system construction, and other important content. In 2010 began to enter into substantive rectification work. The main content of the reorganization of the business scope including the examination and approval procedures for cleaning, specifications and the establishment and perfection of risk control system, etc. In June 2010, by the people's bank, the CBRC, the CSRC, circ "a line of three will be" issued "about further do a good job of small and medium-sized enterprise financial services several opinions, for small and medium-sized enterprises credit system, organization system, diversified financing, credit enhancement and differentiation regulation puts forward new requirements. Issued the document, the silver bear provides strong support and implementation strategies of cooperation, will be to further improve the assurance policy environment. In March 2010, approved by the state council, seven ministries jointly issued "interim measures for the financing guarantee companies management", combining the reality of development of the current financing assurance and supervision, to strengthen the supervision and management of financing guarantee agencies, dissolve the financing guarantee to prevent risks, promoting the healthy development of financing guarantee business for hard play to ease the small and medium-sized enterprise loan guarantee agencies guarantee function system of create the necessary conditions. "Interim measures for the financing guarantee companies management" to regulate the financing guarantee company itself operation, strengthen the regulation of sustained and effective provides the basis of the system, for the management and supervision of guarantee agencies have the right to effect, will be to standardize and develop financing assurance after the reality and the long-term positive effects. Interim measures for the financing guarantee company management will be pushed to a new starting point of China's assurance, will be the last of China's assurance "regulatory vacuum era" into a new "era of prudential supervision". [6] IV, the urgency of the guarantee agencies to cooperate with Banks and silver to the advantage of cooperation there "Interim measures for the financing guarantee companies management", the financing guarantee companies market set up in accordance with the law, business financing guarantee business limited liability companies and joint stock co., LTD. The financing guarantee companies shall not engage in deposits to grant loans, the trustee, the trustee investment regulatory provisions shall not be engaged in other activities. Guarantee company, therefore, is to rely on bank financial institutions doing business can achieve its function. Can be a good relationship with the bank, directly related to guarantee company will be the key to stable development. So guarantee company is in urgent need to achieve good relationship with Banks. [6] Banking financial institutions and credit guarantee agencies cooperation advantage lies in the guarantee company cooperate with the bank, can promote the local economy, reduce the bank's credit risk, promote common development, to implement macro-control policies and so on various aspects have very big positive role. For the banking financial institutions, guarantee agencies is the line of commercial Banks to reduce loan risks, the new growth point of the commercial Banks to achieve business development, but also to promote small and medium-sized enterprises and bank credit institutions to achieve win-win bridge. One is that the Banks can scatter credit risk effectively and passed on to the security company. Through the credit guarantee institutions guarantee business, Banks in credit risk, can get guarantee agencies to pay in time, can quickly dissolve and pass on the credit risk. Guarantee companies there is a big advantage in operating risk, compared with other guarantee way, it can improve the efficiency of risk management, risk management to reduce costs, reducing the loss of risk management. The compensatory mechanism in the guarantee agencies make loan default risk decreased a lot, can greatly simplify the recovery procedure of bank. Once guarantee institutions guarantee credit risk assets, Banks and guarantee agencies in accordance with the proportional share risks, as most of the risk has been guarantee agencies, the bank of the defective rate is only in the more than zero, the defective rate is far lower than the other guarantee way. The second is the marketization of operation of guarantee agencies and macro configuration of credit funds, have effect of optimization. The market-oriented operation of guarantee agencies, based on interest, the pursuit of profit maximization. It encourages guarantee agencies in the risks and benefits to find the best balance point, on the other hand actively meet the demand of market diversification, broaden the scope of business. The development of the guarantee business, can make up for the service of banking financial institutions blank, is advantageous to the financial resource allocation efficiency. Guarantee agencies overall more flexible in terms of management ideas, to further improve the quality of credit assets. Fact information asymmetry, small business financial opaque and lack of guarantee collateral, makes the commercial bank for small and medium-sized enterprise loan quality is concerned. Guarantee agencies pay attention to the service for small and medium-sized enterprises, take the customer marketing and survey work, auxiliary Banks before the credit investigation, looking for a certain extent, reduce the bank lending targets, credit information collection and marketing costs and resources, alleviate the pressure of bank credit. Three is silver bear can promote financial cooperation modes and product innovation, to a certain extent, can be to raise their ability to compete with each other. Guarantee agencies for the Banks to develop innovative financial products is also good, besides can recommend a suitable to the bank credit customers, widen the channel of the commercial bank marketing, can also cooperate with commercial Banks to develop financial products innovation, help temporarily didn't have the perfect internal management, small business lending conditions for effective financing solutions, improve financing ability, cultivating potential customer, solve the problem of small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficulties together. V, the problems existing in the cooperation between Banks and insurance companies, and risk (1) guarantee company existing problems are: lack of registered capital, poor management, general don't standardize operations, personnel quality is low, the risk compensation mechanism is not sound, greatly reduce the industry as a whole credit level and ability of sustainable development. One is the capital guarantee companies generally on a smaller scale, capital strength is limited, compensation ability is generally weak, unable to give full play to the utility. Guarantee agencies in China are mainly local fiscal investment and private investment is given priority to, the lack of large financial institutions investment guarantee companies, local governments and private small shareholders of congenital capital strength is insufficient, determines the guarantee agencies to pay power co., LTD. Guarantee agencies in part due to guarantee the fund size is too small, compensatory ability is insufficient, compensatory time likely to collapse. Small and medium-sized at risk, guarantee agencies for small and medium-sized enterprises limited strict access requirements. Some enterprise due to the payment for goods size limit can not meet their production and business operation needs, and choose to give up the financing guarantee way. Improve the loan guarantee agencies enterprise qualification requirements, lead to enterprise to increase the cost of financing guarantee agencies, the payment of premiums and deposit and other expenses. For some small businesses, get loans by assure the center is beyond the ability to accept. Unable to achieve the function of guarantee agencies leverage. The expansion of business is limited by a lot of, single species, guarantee scope narrow, only for guarantee of short-term liquidity. [7]#p#分页标题#e# 2 it is due to guarantee company marketing operation, the pursuit of benefit maximization principle, and industry regulations are not effective implementation and supervision, leading to frequent phenomenon of irregular operations, there are many non-standard operations. Of some commercial guarantee agencies have paid-in capital shortage phenomenon, not compliance to take up a lot of guarantee companies affiliated enterprise funds, and even the phenomenon of capital flight and false capital contribution and severely weakened the practical guarantee ability. And guarantee agencies in the capital liquidation ability and profit ability is poorer, seriously affected the safety and liquidity of funds, reduce the guarantee responsibility ability. To meet the requirements of to guarantee bank deposits, many will guarantee agencies should have own credit guarantee of compensation for special funds on to the customer, asking customers to pay a high risk of margin, and then transferred to the bank as a guarantee deposit. Adding to the already so small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficulty, also increased the bank's credit risk. Three is the low level of management, lack of high level professionals. Security industry as a highly specialized industry, its business personnel need higher professional quality, need to guarantee related policies and has a deep understanding of the operation of the market. But because industry threshold limit, no personnel qualification certification system has not yet been established, industry training system has not been specification, so the personnel quality good and bad are intermingled, this will bring itself guarantee agencies and professional risk management. At the same time because of the guarantee industry itself is still in the development stage, the industry standard has not yet been established, and some guarantee agencies in the business process and internal management the lack of a clear system of post responsibility and accountability system, the division of the internal management level need to be improved. (2) the problems existing in the banking financial institutions are: the asymmetric information and risks; Status is not equal on both sides, for guarantee agencies lack the enthusiasm of the lack of the understanding of guarantee agencies, margin cost is too high. One is that the vast majority of guarantee agencies and cooperation bank widely exists in the relationship between credit guarantee right, etc. Cooperative bank credit status of guarantee agencies and the lack of the understanding of solvency, and for their own interest and loan security considerations, require joint liability guarantee and guarantee agencies to provide a full guarantee, increase the burden of guarantee companies. It belongs to in risk sharing, unequal right and obligation. Cooperative Banks often require only the right to assume the obligations, namely only accept loan interest income and not willing to bear the risk of loans, with the principle of equality and mutual benefit, risk-sharing cooperation conflict, is not conducive to cooperative Banks and guarantee agencies to establish and develop good relationship, increased cooperation exposure to commercial Banks. Risk sharing and benefits sharing cooperation pattern has not been established. Second, Banks lack of guarantee company business cooperation's enthusiasm, think small amounts of small loan guarantee agencies recommended unattractive, tend to be large loans to creditworthy enterprises, for loans to support small and medium-sized enterprises, only stay in response to national policy, to some extent, restricted guarantee business development, also causes the loss of small and medium-sized enterprise financing business of the bank. When the debt recovery, lack of cooperation between Banks and guarantee agencies. Guarantee agencies to compensatory responsibility, it is difficult to get in debt recovery and disposal link support and cooperation of the bank. [8] 3 it is bank charge is too high for guarantee agencies, set the silver bear cooperation guarantee magnification, the highest credit limit and other restrictive regulations, high threshold condition of cooperation, hand in high risk margin, blindly charge secured loan interest rates on the high side, set unreasonable, for small and medium-sized enterprise financing more difficult. The lack of the lack of effective guarantee company bank post-loan management, did not get the right the supervisory function of the follow-up management and dynamic inspection, (3) of the external environment problems are: the lack of effective supervision and risk compensation mechanism and the credit guarantee system is not sound. Small and medium-sized enterprise participation is not high, credit consciousness, the lack of a standard credit rating system. One is the lack of supervision and management mechanism. Guarantee agencies admittance threshold, daily supervision system, information disclosure system, exit mechanism, and other industries operating regulations and regulatory system is not perfect led to deregulation and does not reach the designated position. The government credit guarantee insufficient understanding, the relevant administrative department of credit guarantee institutions and the lack of communication, not enough attention to in the construction of the credit system and support to cooperate. Makes it hard for commercial Banks to know about the real situation of guarantee agencies, the loss of the "mutual amplification function of guarantee agencies. Some local governments one-sided understanding of the role of credit guarantee institutions, lack of awareness of risk exposures, administrative intervention operation and management of credit guarantee institutions, blindly pursue the credit scale. Second, imperfect social credit environment, is not standard, the credit guarantee system and credit rating system is not sound. Viewpoint of many enterprises credit guarantee is weak, irregularities, false data, there are serious moral risk; And poor management of the enterprise management, capital operation has a lot of problems, serious loss, the loss of the ability of the performance of credit, credit guarantee is very difficult to have the foundation for the development of the conscience, after you will need to take all the credit risk guarantee agencies. Credit rating system is not perfect, the information asymmetry between guarantee company and bank, restrict the guarantee agencies to develop a good cooperation relationship with Banks. Third, risk compensation and transfer mechanism is not sound. Guarantee companies with capital,, after undertaking the security liability, can only rely on business income to compensate for the losses. The government just rely on duty exemption or reduction to stimulate guarantee companies provide guarantee for the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises and individuals, and guarantee the measures are not perfect compensation and spread risk. In addition, the guarantee agencies to transfer by means of guarantee or insurance again or dissolve the risk compensation, therefore guarantee business scale is restricted by a lot. VI, silver to the countermeasures of cooperation (1) guarantee company should do: Strictly implement the risk reserve system. Guarantee company itself must be strictly implemented and provisioning standard by enlarging risk reserve quantity, increase the risk of resilience ability. Of the small and medium-sized enterprise guarantee agencies to establish compensation mechanism and guarantee system again. To establish a reasonable capital supplement and extension mechanism, increase the fiscal direct funds through preferential policies to attract private capital increase spending on security industry. Guarantee agencies for small and medium-sized enterprises of the compensation mechanism and the establishment of guarantee system can effectively reduce the risk of guarantee company, and can improve the credit guarantee companies, make more Banks are willing to co-operate and guarantees, thus to better exert the leverage of guarantee funds. Second, improve the internal control mechanism, improve the risk prevention ability of guarantee agencies. Guarantee companies should formulate strict norms of business management, financial management and risk control of the interior. Realize ShenBao separation, graded examination and approval, responsibility, improve the prior assessment and recovery from matter monitoring, afterwards management operation mechanism. Standard operating procedures, strengthening the management of the cost of capital, effectively control the collateral risk and to ensure the sustainable and healthy development. Must through careful selection guarantee customer and project, arrange risk-sharing measures and dispersive risk combination of a variety of means such as strict management on overall risk. Three is to strengthen internal management, cultivate talent team. To guide the guarantee agencies shall, in accordance with the market mechanism to establish modern enterprise system, improve the operating mechanism of the board of directors and board of supervisors and managers improve various rules and regulations, improve the level of management and risk control ability, supervise and urge its to have aptitude for credit rating, a rating agency. From the source to improve the professional quality of the staff of the industry, set up personnel access standard, standardize the guarantee agency personnel qualifications. Make full use of the guarantee society overall coordination effect, improve the professional training of business personnel guarantee agencies. Related departments to comply with the relevant laws and regulations, strict supervision and guarantee agencies late staff qualifications and training.#p#分页标题#e# (2) of the banking financial institutions should do are: A is committed to the long-term and stable cooperation with financing guarantee agencies. The two sides should according to the market principle, consensus, the establishment of fair and good faith, mutual benefit cooperation relations, expressly agreed upon in the contract guarantee responsibility. After the banking financial institutions to financing guarantee agencies compensatory recovery activities to provide necessary assistance, banking financial institutions to strengthen information communication and sharing between the total balance to the financing guarantee responsibility by not more than the net 10 times to master. The second is to strengthen information communication with financing guarantee agencies. During the process of cooperation, both parties shall share the project operation and risk early warning information in time, risk prevention and resolve work together. Banking financial institutions should actively provide financing guarantee agencies and regulatory departments in accordance with the query, confirm the relevant information, provide assistance and convenience. Be good at using the financing of credit guarantee agencies. Through strengthening the cooperation of the silver bear, expand business areas, improve the small business and the "three rural" financial services, to foster new business and profit growth point. Three is to strengthen post-loan tracking management of credit funds flow and use situation of continuous dynamic monitoring and do relevant work of risk analysis, early warning and protection. Master the financing guarantee industry dynamic information in a timely manner. Including changes in policy and regulatory developments, the positive attention to financing guarantee industry environment construction and risk compensation mechanism and the relevant national support policy impact on the development of the industry, to strengthen the operation of financing guarantee industry analysis, accurately grasp the trend of business cooperation. Four is to guarantee agencies into the social credit system, can effectively solve the guarantee agencies and financial institutions of the asymmetric information problem, provide effective information for guarantee agencies to understand and disclosure channels, timely and fully provide guaranteed enterprise and individual credit information, reduce the credit risk. Banks will be incorporated in the people's bank of enterprise credit guarantee agencies operation system to implement unified management, the improvement of the information asymmetry problem can help reduce the risk of credit guarantee agencies; At the same time, also can to the financial system to guarantee default customer and bad credit guarantee institutions to provide comprehensive information, reduce the risk in the financial system. (3) the government and the social environment improvement Suggestions Is a government the CBRC and relevant departments should be "a financing guarantee company management interim measures" and so on as the instruction, according to local and small and medium-sized enterprise financing guarantee industry environment, formulate rules for effective, for guarantee agencies, banking financial institutions and be strict to guarantee enterprise supervision and management. Departments should draw level responsibilities: economic and trade departments at all levels should actively organize service work, for small and medium-sized enterprise credit guarantee institutions to conduct information consultation, exchange of experience, business training, industrial statistics, rights and interests protection, industrial self-discipline and foreign exchange, strengthen its own construction and cultural construction of guarantee agencies and constantly improve the guarantee the overall quality of the industry, to promote the healthy development of guarantee agencies. The people's bank credit rating system is responsible for establishing the credit guarantee institutions, organizations qualified professional guarantee agencies, the credit rating of credit evaluation institutions work, strengthen market supervision and management of credit rating. Second, improve the credit guarantee system, establish a diversified investment subject guarantee agencies, encourage various organization forms coexist, establish service levels of credit guarantee agencies for small and medium-sized enterprises credit guarantee system, speed up the cultivation of the registered capital sufficient credit guarantee industry leading enterprises. Governments at all levels and relevant departments should actively support and help to improve the management of existing small and medium-sized enterprise credit guarantee institutions, gradually perfect the corporate governance structure, improve the level of marketization operation and standardize the management, to meet the needs of the market competition and standard operation. Three is to improve the credit guarantee environment, establishing perfect credit rating methods, index system and rating workflow, objective, fair and scientific evaluation of the credit guarantee institutions, to promote the healthy development of credit guarantee industry. The illegal operation of the credit guarantee institutions shall order them to make correction. In addition, to give play to the role of credit guarantee institutions of credit enhancement, better access to bank credit support, make small and medium-sized enterprises credit guarantee agencies related to credit rating agencies should be credit rating results into the people's bank of enterprise credit information database, as financial institutions credit review reference. Reference [1]Paul peng wang . Guarantee theory research. China financial publishing house, 2005. [2] The bank loan risk sharing mechanism between guarantee agencies parsing. Journal of financial staff in jiangxi university, 2007, (1) [3] New An introduction to the credit guarantee and practice of economic and science press, 2006. [4] Dina in 11th national sme credit guarantee institutions, head of the speech to a joint session of. Quotations from henan investment guarantee network, [5] Pan Changfeng. "a financing guarantee company management interim measures" to guarantee industry of fujian province. 2010, (8) [6] Seven departments jointly issued "interim measures for the financing guarantee companies management". From the central government portal website, [7] Shi su. Commercial Banks and guarantee loan guarantee business cooperation risk and prevention and control. Financial theory and practice, 2010, (6) [8] Lv Wenru. Our country credit guarantee institutions and explore collaboration bank cooperation. China's economic and trade, 2009, (8) [9] Wang Huilin. Construction bank for credit guarantee institutions and collaborative partnership. Accounting communications, 2010, (8) : [10] toleman. Analyses how to strengthen security cooperation with banking institutions effectively solve the small and medium-sized enterprise financing problems. The Chinese market, 2011, (5) |
 |
|||
| 网站地图 |
