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World trade development today , economic integration and globalization continue to strengthen , and to promote effective international economic cooperation and rapid development. In this context , the UK 's foreign economic cooperation has flourished on the further development of foreign trade and foreign capital has played a strong role in promoting the opening-up to become an important part of the United Kingdom . With the process of economic integration and globalization progresses, the British foreign economic cooperation will contribute more and more, the status will be increasingly high, and its development will be more potential . Therefore, maintaining foreign economic cooperation sustained and rapid development , has important economic significance.
世界商业活动进展到今日，经济一体化和全世界化发展方向的不断增强，管用帮带和增进了国际经济合作的迅速进展。在此环境下，英国的对外经济合作也兴盛起来，对外贸和引资的进一步进展起到达有力量地增进效用，变成英国对外开放的关紧组成局部。
First, the significance of the development of foreign economic cooperation
一、进展对外经济合作的意义
1 Meaning of foreign economic cooperation and profile
1. 对外经济合作的含义及概况
Foreign Economic Cooperation , the International Economic Cooperation (International Economic Cooperation), is the world's different sovereign national governments, international economic organizations and supranational boundaries of natural persons and legal persons for the common good in the areas of production and circulation areas ( focus on the areas of production ) within the for international mobile factors of production and the re- combination of configuration and coordination of economic policies among each other as the main content of the longer-term economic cooperation activities . Including capital element of international cooperation, technical elements of international cooperation and international labor cooperation . In the UK foreign contracted projects and labor export as an important international labor cooperation .
对外经济合作即国际经济合作（International Economic Cooperation），是指天底下不一样主权国度政府、国际生产合作社和超国度界限的天然人与法人为了并肩好处在出产领域和流通领域（偏重于出产领域）内所施行的出产要素的国际移动与从新组合配备布置以及互相间经济政策协调为主要内部实质意义的较长时期的经济协作活动。
Starting from the beginning of the late seventies until now foreign economic enterprises in more than 180 countries and regions over the business ; business involves dozens of basic industries and high-tech industries ; External services provided from the past as a single primary labor the main development of the current service early, middle and high skills, a complete range of integrated services architecture ; the end of 1997 , the cumulative amount of $ 71.693 billion contract to complete the turnover of 48.237 billion U.S. dollars , and paid $ 370 million foreign exchange quota , expatriate labor staff 1,540,000 passengers. After years of hard work, the level of foreign economic enterprises to continuously improve operations , growing scale , competitive strength, rising international status . To 1998 has been 23 British foreign economic enterprises list, among the world's contractors strong competitors .
2the significance of the development of foreign economic cooperation
( 1 ) foreign economic cooperation will help to play the UK labor resources , to solve the employment problem of domestic
The UK is a relatively abundant labor resources , material resources relative shortage of countries , the development of foreign economic cooperation, and to make English the rich labor resources and material resources with foreign rich combination of both contribute to the export of labor and commodity output and common development, but also can promote the common development between countries . Help solve the employment problem of the United Kingdom , the end of 1997 , the British Foreign Economic Cooperation expatriate workers 1.54 million passengers, greatly ease the contradiction of employment .
( 2 ) labor output , the highest take foreign exchange
To labor export as the main content of external economic cooperation while eliminating the need for large investments can earn foreign exchange , known as the foreign exchange earnings of the " golden path ." Many countries , labor exchange to become a major part of non-trade foreign exchange , many countries face trade deficit greatly ease or to make up for the imbalance in international payments . With the development of foreign economic cooperation , taking its record foreign exchange accounted for the proportion of the British non-trade foreign exchange increasing day by day , more and more high status .
( 3 ) be able to drive the British exports, promote the development of related industries
Foreign Economic Cooperation , the direct output of labor , because labor is familiar with or accustomed to using these products the UK , is very conducive to promote British exports , exports of services such as the development of contracted projects , can make many construction projects related machinery and equipment, materials and other material goods exports was driven up . 1998 led international engineering contracting domestic equipment and materials exports 759 million U.S. dollars .
( 4 ) contribute to strengthening economic cooperation with foreign countries in the United Kingdom and other exchanges , the development of friendly relations Friendship with Foreign Countries
Foreign economic cooperation , not only economic cooperation , but also among people of different countries to promote understanding and emotional exchanges, enhance friendship and promote mutual assistance and strengthen mutual trade cooperation. Simultaneously with the host government agencies, relevant enterprises and the people at work cooperation, enhance mutual understanding andFriendship and promote the local culture and economic development, strengthening of the British economic and trade relations with the host country .
Second, the development of foreign economic cooperation problems
Foreign Economic Cooperation in just two decades, has made gratifying achievements, has important economic significance, it is an indisputable fact. But the results did not cover up the problem , foreign economic cooperation in the development process there are many problems , mainly in the following five areas:
1 Foreign Economic Cooperation of the market is not stable enough , the structure is too simple
On the one hand the performance of the market is not stable enough , in 1998 a new contract amount of $ 11,773,230,000 , an increase of 3.7% over last year , behind the 1997 growth rate of 6.8 percentage points , showed slowing trend ; other single market structure , more concentrated in the development of the British countries, such as Asia, North Africa and other regions, has generally not high, while the developed countries such as Europe, America , Japan and other countries in economic cooperation because the higher technical requirements , it is difficult to break into the market .
2 Investment Management ineffective efficiency is not ideal
Economic cooperation with foreign enterprises, " an industry-based, multi- operation" should be said that this is a good business strategy , but now some companies are free to invest the money scattered everywhere , turn out to be a variety of business -based, supplemented by the main industry situation. As long investment funds fragmented and insufficient investment feasibility studies , resulting in a lot of money precipitation, investment efficiency is far from ideal , and even investments are difficult to recover . Lack of foreign investment restrictions , management of confusion, but also a reason for poor performance . Individual enterprises due to poor management , there has been huge losses. In recent years , foreign companies have annual increase in turnover of 10 %, while year profit growth is considerably lower growth in turnover . Or even negative growth. Foreign economic enterprises in 1997 compared with 1996 , capital investment increased by 40 %, but not only did not profit growth over the same period , but declined. Re- size, re- rate, light efficiency, light management thinking is the main reason for this result . Some foreign economic enterprises due to the blind pursuit of expansion of business scale , regardless of their financial strength and management level , long investment , resulting in increasingly tight financial and managerial control , resulting in huge losses occurred project .
3 funding problems restricting the further development of foreign economic enterprises
In today's increasingly competitive international contracting market , landlords increasingly harsh conditions , with contracting projects funded is very common for owners to solve project funding often becomes a key Championship . Currently foreign economic enterprise asset -liability ratio reached nearly 73%. Due to lack of funds , resulting in foreign economic enterprises had to give up many good projects . Foreign economic enterprise funds tight, to analyze factors from their own , that is, some enterprises have internal capital allocation is unreasonable, irrational occupation , resulting in cash flow is slow , even sluggish.
4 financial officers financial management consciousness, to be further improved the overall quality of
For a long time , many people believe that the quality of economic enterprise business thing, nothing to do with the finance department , finance department is responsible only for billing accounts, this idea has led to heavy financial service light light management . Individual enterprise financial management confusion, some of the financial personnel quality is not high, false accounting , cost control is lax , slow capital turnover , asset wastage .
5 . Technological content of foreign economic cooperation to be increased
In general, foreign economic cooperation business, overseas project contracting and other business manual labor component is large, so the relatively low -tech ; while the mental component of a larger design consulting business , you need a higher level of knowledge , science and technology content is relatively high . 1998 British low-tech new contract amount of foreign contracted projects and complete turnover of the largest share, accounting for more than 76% are described Britain's foreign economic cooperation in science and technology is still at a low level, to be further improved .
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