Commerce coursework范文：Benefits of Women Entrepreneurship_COURSEWORK

Commerce coursework范文-女性创业的好处。本文是一篇留学生Commerce专业方向的coursework格式范文，主要内容是通过分析妇女约占世界总人口的一半。印度也是如此。因此，他们被视为社会的另一半。在传统社会中，他们被限制在房屋的四面墙上进行家务活动。在现代社会，他们走出四面墙，参加各种各样的活动。全球证据表明，女性在学术、政治、行政、社会工作等不同领域的活动中表现出色。现在，他们也开始涉足工业，并成功地经营自己的企业。因此，需要探讨印度女企业家创业发展。下面请参考Commerce coursework范文的全部内容。

coursework范文

Women constitute around half of the total world population. So is in India also. They are therefore regarded as the better half of the society. In traditional societies, they were confined to the four walls of houses performing household activities. In modern societies they have come out of the four walls to participate in all sorts of activities. The global evidences prove that women have been performing exceedingly well in different spheres of activities like academics, politics, administration, social work and so on. Now they have started plunging into industry also and running their enterprises successfully. Therefore while discussing on entrepreneurial development of women entrepreneurs in the country.

Al through small businesses owned by women have traditionally focused on fashion , fond and other services sector, but recently women entrepreneurs have been moving rapidly into manufacturing, construction and other industrial filed. Women owned business are lightly increasing in the economics of almost all countries. The hidden entrepreneurial potential of women have gradually been changing with the growing sensivity to the role and economic status in the society. It means women have the potentials, skill, knowledge and adaptability to run a business successfully.

传统上，女性拥有的小型企业一直专注于时尚、娱乐和其他服务行业，但最近，女性企业家迅速进入制造业、建筑业和其他工业领域。几乎所有国家的经济中，女性拥有的企业都在轻微增长。随着人们对社会角色和经济地位的日益敏感，女性隐藏的创业潜力正在逐渐改变。这意味着女性拥有成功经营企业的潜力、技能、知识和适应能力。

Meaning And Definitions 含义和定义

Women entrepreneur is a person who accepts challenging role to meet her personal need and become economically independent. There are economical, social, religious, cultural and other factors existing in the society which responsible for the emergency of the entrepreneurs.

女企业家是一个接受挑战性角色以满足个人需要并在经济上独立的人。社会中存在着经济、社会、宗教、文化等因素，这些因素导致了企业家的出现。

“Women entrepreneur refers equally to someone who has started a one women business to someone who is a principal in family business or partnership or to someone who is shareholder in a public company which she runs”.

“女企业家同样是指已经开始一家女性企业的人、家族企业或合伙企业的负责人或她经营的上市公司的股东”。

The Government of India has defined a women entrepreneur is ” an enterprise owned and controlled by a women having a minimum financial interest of 51% of the capital and giving at least 51% of the employment generated in the enterprise to women “.

印度政府将女企业家定义为“由女性拥有和控制的企业，其最低财务利益为资本的51%，并将企业创造的就业机会的至少51%提供给女性”。

Advantages Of Female Entrepreneurs 女性企业家的优势

Social Networking. 社交网络

Let’s face it-women are natural networkers. They love to talk, mingle, and rub elbows. This is the very reason why husbands rarely ever manage the social calendar. In today’s business environment, mastering social media is mandatory, and the ladies absolutely have a leg up!

让我们面对现实吧，女性是天生的人际网络成员。他们喜欢交谈、交往和摩擦手肘。这就是为什么丈夫很少管理社交日历的原因。在当今的商业环境中，掌握社交媒体是必须的，女士们绝对有优势！

Intuition.直觉

They call it “women’s intuition” for a reason.Women in general can size up another person much faster than her male counterpart. In today’s ultra-fast paced business environment, you need the ability to quickly identify the allies and the enemies. Regardless if you are a male or female, you need to trust your gut.

他们称之为“女性的直觉”是有原因的。一般来说，女性比男性更容易判断他人。在当今快节奏的商业环境中，您需要快速识别盟友和敌人的能力。无论你是男性还是女性，你都需要相信自己的直觉。

Pain Tolerance.他们称之为“女性的直觉”是有原因的。一般来说，女性比男性更容易判断他人。在当今快节奏的商业环境中，您需要快速识别盟友和敌人的能力。无论你是男性还是女性，你都需要相信自己的直觉。

Okay, initially I would have said this is irrelevant. But after watching my children be born, there is no question that my wife can handle a lot more pain than I can. And I am not just talking physical pain, I mean emotional, too (have you seen how tough children can be on their mothers?). In business, there are a lot of painful moments. A lot. Women definitely have an advantage in this area.

好吧，一开始我会说这无关紧要。但看着我的孩子们出生后，毫无疑问，我的妻子能承受比我更多的痛苦。我说的不仅仅是身体上的痛苦，我也指情感上的痛苦（你看到孩子们对母亲有多严厉吗？）。在商业中，有很多痛苦的时刻。很多。女性在这方面绝对有优势。

Multi-tasking.多任务

Women are known for juggling many tasks at the same time and still being able to produce excellent results. Conversely, the guys are masters at focusing on one thing. Still, the advantage in today’s distracting environment goes to women.

众所周知，女性同时完成许多任务，但仍能取得优异的成绩。相反，这些人擅长专注于一件事。尽管如此，在当今分散注意力的环境中，女性还是占了上风。

Patience.耐心

Women inherently seem to have more patience. And in today’s business environment, patience is key! Aggressive business strategies are not paying off like they once did. Slow and steady wins the race in this category.

女性天生似乎更有耐心。在当今的商业环境中，耐心是关键！激进的商业策略并没有像过去那样获得回报。慢而稳赢得这一类别的比赛。

Listening.聆听

A friend of mine went to buy a new bed at a small bedding store owned by a husband and wife team. The female owner approaches my friend and asked all kinds of questions about why they needed a new bed, if they could fix their old bed, what else they were considering, etc. She asked questions and listened closely. She clearly showed that she cared about helping to meet their needs. My friend was moments away from buying any bed that she recommended. But just then, the frustrated husband on the sales team ran up and said “let me handle this.” Then he just tried to hard close the sale. He was pushy, telling them what he recommended and what they had to have. Guess what? The sale was lost the second he began speaking! They walked out. I am sure he blamed her, but it was him. The key is to ask questions and really listen. Quite frankly, any great sales person knows this, man or woman, it just seems that the ladies are naturally better at doing it.

我的一个朋友去一家夫妻团队开的小床上用品店买了一张新床。女主人走近我的朋友，问了各种各样的问题，比如为什么他们需要一张新床，他们是否能修好旧床，他们还考虑了什么，等等。她问了一些问题，仔细地听着。她清楚地表明，她关心帮助满足他们的需要。我的朋友马上就要买她推荐的床了。但就在那时，销售团队中沮丧的丈夫跑过来说：“让我来处理这件事。”然后，他只是努力完成销售。他很有进取心，告诉他们他推荐什么，他们必须要什么。你猜怎么着？他一开口说话，拍卖就失败了！他们走了出去。我肯定他责备了她，但那是他。关键是提出问题并认真倾听。坦率地说，任何一个伟大的销售人员都知道这一点，无论是男人还是女人，似乎女人天生就擅长做这件事。

Problem/Disadvantages Of Female Entrepreneurs 女性企业家的问题/劣势

Women Entrepreneurs encounter two sets of problems i.e. general problems entrepreneurs and problems specific to women entrepreneurs. These are discussed follows

女企业家遇到两组问题，即一般问题企业家和女企业家特有的问题。下面将讨论这些问题

Finance 资金

Finance is regarded as life blood for any enterprise be in big or small. However women entrepreneurs suffer from shortage of finance on two counts. Firstly women do not generally have property on their names to use them as collateral for obtaining funds from external sources. So that access to the external sources funds is limited. Secondly the banks also consider women less credit-worthy and discourage women barrowers on belief that they can at any time leave their business.

无论企业大小，财务都被视为企业的生命线。然而，女企业家在两个方面面临资金短缺。首先，妇女的名字上一般没有财产，不能用来作为从外部获得资金的抵押品。因此，获得外部资金来源的渠道受到限制。其次，银行还认为女性的信用价值较低，并劝阻女性酒吧老板相信她们可以随时离开自己的企业。

Scarcity Of Raw Materials 原材料短缺

Most of the women enterprises are plagued by the scarcity of raw materials and necessary inputs. Added to this are high prices of raw materials, on the one hand and getting raw material at the minimum of discount on the other. The failure of many co-operatives in 1971

大多数女性企业都受到原材料和必要投入短缺的困扰。此外，一方面原材料价格高，另一方面以最低折扣获得原材料。1971年许多合作社的失败

engaged in based making is example how the scarcity of raw material sounds the death knell of enterprises run by women.

从事基础制造业就是一个例子，原材料的匮乏敲响了女性经营企业的丧钟。

Male Dominated Society 男性主导的社会

The constitution of India speaks of equality between sexes. But in practice women are looked upon as abla i.e.Weak in all respects. In male dominated Indian society, women are not treated equal to men. This turn serves as a barrier to women entry into business.

印度宪法谈到两性平等。但实际上，女性被视为abla，即在各个方面都很弱。在男性占主导地位的印度社会，女性的待遇与男性不平等。这一转变成为女性进入商界的障碍。

Lack Of Education 缺乏教育

In India around 60% of women are still illiterate. Illiteracy is the root cause of socio- economic problem. Due to the lack of education women are not aware of business, technology and market knowledge. Also lack of education causes low achievement motivation among women.

在印度，大约60%的女性仍然是文盲。文盲是社会经济问题的根源。由于缺乏教育，女性不了解商业、技术和市场知识。此外，缺乏教育导致女性成就动机低下。

Market Oriented Risk 市场导向风险

A number of women have to face the challenges of market because of stiff competition. Many business women find it difficult to capture the market and compete with their product. They are not fully aware of the changing market conditions.

由于激烈的竞争，许多女性不得不面对市场的挑战。许多女商人发现很难占领市场并与她们的产品竞争。他们没有完全意识到不断变化的市场状况。

Motivational Factors.动机因素

Successful businessmen can be self motivated through setting up a mind and taking up risk and accepting social responsibilities on shoulder. The other factors such as family support government policies financial assistance etc. are also important to set up business.

成功的商人可以通过树立思想、承担风险和承担社会责任来自我激励。其他因素，如家庭支持、政府政策、财政援助等，对创业也很重要。

Lack of Confidence 缺乏信心

Women lack confidence in their strength and competence. The family members and the society and reluctant to stand beside their entrepreneurial growth

妇女对自己的力量和能力缺乏信心。家庭成员和社会不愿意与他们的创业成长站在一起

Training Programs 培训计划

Training programs are essential to new rural and young entrepreneurs who wish to set up a small and medium scale unit. The programs enrich the skill and potential of women entrepreneur.

培训计划对于希望建立中小型单位的新农村和年轻企业家来说至关重要。这些项目丰富了女性企业家的技能和潜力。

Present Position Of Women Entrepreneurs 女企业家的现状

Out of the total 940-48 million people in India in the 1990’s of the female comprise of 465% of the total population. There are 126.48 million women work force (representing 28.9% of the female population) but as per the 1991 census only 185900 women accounting for only 4.5% of total self employed persons in the country were recorded. Majority of them are engaged in the un organized in the unorganized sectors like agriculture, agro based industries, handicrafts, handloom and cottage based industries. As per the 2001census report, there are of women workers of the total working population including formal as well as informal sector. In the era of L.P.G (Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization) the Indian women entrepreneurs are very fast entering the non -traditional sectors. Which indeed is in response to their greater awareness.

20世纪90年代，印度总人口为9.4亿至4.8亿，其中女性占总人口的465%。有1.2648亿女性劳动力（占女性人口的28.9%），但根据1991年的人口普查，仅记录了185900名女性，仅占全国自营职业者总数的4.5%。他们中的大多数人从事联合国组织的无组织部门，如农业、农产工业、手工艺品、手织机和家庭手工业。根据《2001年共识》报告，在包括正规部门和非正规部门在内的总劳动人口中，女工人数为。在L.P.G（自由化、私有化、全球化）时代，印度女企业家正迅速进入非传统行业。这确实是对他们更高意识的回应。

Five Business Challenges Women Entrepreneurs Face and How to Overcome them 女企业家面临的五大商业挑战及其克服方法

Cultural Value 文化价值观

The first entrepreneurial challenge women entrepreneurs face is that of cultural value or tradition. This challenge is more profound on women entrepreneurs in Africa; where the cultural value entails that the man/husband be the bread winner. A woman exhibiting her entrepreneurial prowess is presumed as wanting to take over the leadership role of the husband.

女性企业家面临的第一个创业挑战是文化价值或传统。这一挑战对非洲女企业家来说更为深刻；其中，文化价值意味着男性/丈夫是赢家。人们认为，一个表现出创业能力的女性想要接管丈夫的领导角色。

This challenge also surfaces in families where the husband/father is an entrepreneur. The male children are usually groomed on running the family business and carrying on after the demise of the father while the female children are usually left out of this entrepreneurial grooming process.

这一挑战在丈夫/父亲是企业家的家庭中也会出现。男性子女通常是在经营家族企业并在父亲去世后继续经营的过程中培养出来的，而女性子女通常被排除在这一创业培养过程之外。

To overcome this entrepreneurial challenge,you must be prepared to breakthrough this limiting tradition; you must stick to what you believe in.

要克服这一创业挑战，你必须准备突破这一限制性传统；你必须坚持你的信仰。

Societal Discrimination 社会歧视

The next challenge women face in business is societal discrimination. Most people still live with the mentality that certain businesses or tasks are better handled by men. Have you ever come across a female auto mechanic, plumber, mason or welder? What was your first reaction?

女性在商界面临的下一个挑战是社会歧视。大多数人仍然抱着这样一种心态，即某些业务或任务最好由男性来处理。你有没有遇到过女性汽车修理工、水管工、泥瓦匠或焊工？你的第一反应是什么？

You must have screamed “what the hell is a woman doing with such occupation.” Well, I have done it countless times. The truth is that we often assume women are generally incompetent in certain fields of life. People would rather deal with a business man than a woman. Why? The reason is because it’s believed that the men are born to do it.

你一定在尖叫“一个女人做这样的职业到底在干什么？”嗯，我已经做过无数次了。事实是，我们经常假设女性在生活的某些领域通常不称职。人们宁愿与商人打交道，也不愿与女人打交道。为什么？原因是人们相信男人生来就是要这样做的。

You might think this challenge is uncommon; wait until you lose a business deal or contract just because you are competing with male counterparts. The only solution to handling the challenge of societal discrimination is to develop a tough skin towards criticism. Stop seeing your feminine gender as a weakness; see it as a strength, and prove yourself by striving to outperform your male competitors.

Lack Of Investor’s Confidence 投资者信心不足

The third challenge women entrepreneurs face when starting a business is the challenge of raising capital. Investors naturally give less consideration to business women and I can’t really pinpoint the reason for this. It’s easier for business man to raise capital than a woman; except such a woman has proved her competence and credibility over time. Women entrepreneurs generally find it difficult to raise capital or obtain a bank loan because investors and bankers would rather risk their venture capital with male entrepreneurs than females.

Now how do you overcome such challenge? The answer is persistence. You must keep asking for what you want; irrespective of the amount of rejections you get. You must press on while selling yourself on why you should be trusted.

现在你如何克服这样的挑战？答案是坚持。你必须不断地问自己想要什么；不管你被拒绝的数量有多大。你必须坚持下去，同时向自己推销为什么你应该被信任。

Balancing Business And Family 平衡企业和家庭

The fourth business challenge women entrepreneurs face is that of balancing business and family. Women naturally are the backbone of the family; they lay the building blocks on which the family foundation is built. So often times, women entrepreneurs usually find themselves torn between commitment to the family and business.

女性企业家面临的第四个商业挑战是平衡商业和家庭。女性自然是家庭的中坚力量；他们奠定了家庭基础的基石。很多时候，女企业家通常会发现自己在对家庭和企业的承诺之间左右为难。

Now how do you handle such challenge? The answer lies in time management and delegation. These two keys are essential to balancing your act and building a successful home alongside a family.

现在你如何应对这样的挑战？答案在于时间管理和授权。这两个关键点对于平衡你的行为和建立一个成功的家庭至关重要。

Stress Due To Competition And Business Routine 竞争和商业惯例带来的压力

The last but not the least challenge women face in business is the stress and stiff competition associated with running a business. The entrepreneurial process of building a business from scratch entails hard work, commitment and persistence. Business is a game of dog eat dog; to survive, you have to be tough.

女性在商界面临的最后但并非最不重要的挑战是与经营企业相关的压力和激烈竞争。从头开始建立企业的创业过程需要努力工作、承诺和坚持。生意是一场狗咬狗的游戏；为了生存，你必须坚强。

As a woman in business, you might find yourself going head to head with competition and fulfilling your business tasks; and this might lead to fatigue. When confronted with such challenge, you have to use the art of delegation and time management to your advantage. Get the tedious business tasks off your neck and concentrate more on the core issues at hand.

作为一名商界女性，你可能会发现自己与竞争对手势均力敌，完成自己的商业任务；这可能会导致疲劳。当面对这样的挑战时，你必须运用授权和时间管理的艺术来发挥你的优势。摆脱繁重的业务任务，将精力更多地集中在手头的核心问题上。

How to Develop Women Entrepreneurs 如何培养女企业家

Right efforts on from all areas are required in the development of women entrepreneurs and their greater participation in the entrepreneurial activities. Following efforts can be taken into account for effective development of women entrepreneurs.

在发展女企业家和让她们更多地参与创业活动方面，需要从各个领域作出正确的努力。为了有效发展女企业家，可以考虑作出以下努力。

Consider women as specific target group for all developmental programmers.将女性视为所有开发程序员的特定目标群体。

Better educational facilities and schemes should be extended to women folk from government part.应向政府部门的女性提供更好的教育设施和计划。

Adequate training programmed on management skills to be provided to womencommunity.为女性社区提供足够的管理技能培训。

Encourage women’s participation in decision-making. 鼓励妇女参与决策。

Vocational training to be extended to women community that enables them to understand the production process and production management. 将职业培训扩展到妇女社区，使她们能够了解生产过程和生产管理。

Skill development to be done in women’s polytechnics and industrial training institutes. Skills are put to work in training-cum-production workshops. 在女子理工学院和工业培训机构进行技能培养。技能在培训和生产车间中发挥作用。

Training on professional competence and leadership skill to be extended to women entrepreneurs.对现有女企业家进行大规模培训和咨询，以消除缺乏自信和害怕成功等心理原因。

Training and counseling on a large scale of existing women entrepreneurs to remove psychological causes like lack of self-confidence and fear of success. 对现有女企业家进行大规模培训和咨询，以消除缺乏自信和害怕成功等心理原因。

Counseling through the aid of committed NGOs, psychologists, managerial experts and technical personnel should be provided to existing and emerging women entrepreneurs. 。持续监控和改进培训程序员

Continuous monitoring and improvement of training programmers. 持续监控和改进培训程序员

Activities in which women are trained should focus on their marketability and profitability.对妇女进行培训的活动应侧重于她们的适销性和盈利能力。

Making provision of marketing and sales assistance from government part. 政府部门提供营销和销售援助。

To encourage more passive women entrepreneurs the Women training programmed should be organized that taught to recognize her own psychological needs and express them.

为了鼓励更多被动的女性企业家，应该组织女性培训计划，教会她们认识自己的心理需求并表达出来。

What Makes Women Entrepreneurs Different from Men?是什么让女性企业家不同于男性？

Over the past few years, there has been a surge in business startups by female entrepreneurs. Today I’m going to discuss how the way women run things may be a bit different from how men play the game.

在过去几年中，女性创业者创办的企业数量激增。今天我要讨论的是，女性的运作方式可能与男性的游戏方式有所不同。

Strong Focus On Values 高度重视价值观

It’s not that men don’t put values in the front lines of their company, but most women entrepreneurs make it the number one priority over everything else. According to Margaret Heffernan, who recently wrote How She Does It: How Women Entrepreneurs Are Changing the Rules of Business, women think about what their business will stand for before they start planning anything else.

coursework范文在最后强调这并不是说男性不把价值观放在公司的第一线，而是大多数女性企业家把价值观放在首位。玛格丽特·赫弗南（MargaretHeffernan）最近写道，她是如何做到这一点的：女性企业家是如何改变商业规则的，女性在开始规划其他事情之前，会先考虑自己的企业将代表什么。传统上，女性拥有的小型企业一直专注于时尚、娱乐和其他服务行业，但最近，女性企业家迅速进入制造业、建筑业和其他工业领域。几乎所有国家的经济中，女性拥有的企业都在轻微增长。coursework范文总结随着人们对社会角色和经济地位的日益敏感，女性隐藏的创业潜力正在逐渐改变。这意味着女性拥有成功经营企业的潜力、技能、知识和适应能力。本站提供各国各专业coursework写作指导服务，如有需要可咨询本平台。