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critical writing怎么写
Critical essay writing的意义为批判性写作。广义的critical writing指的是运用批判性思维的技术和方法进行写作的一种写作方式。狭义的critical writing指的是一种评估性写作，根据批判性思维的一系列准则对给出的论证的可靠性进行评估，并写出分析评估报告。狭义的性写作又称分析性写作，属于类似写评估报告那样的应用文写作。
批判性阅读就是针对论证的主张，考问其理由的真实性或可信性以及推理的有效性，鉴别论证中可能存在的种种谬误，对你所读到或听到的信息做出积极主动的反应。批判性阅读是分析性写作的基础，反过来说，分析性写作就是撰写批判性阅读的读书报告。
在critical writing中药注意使用宽容原则和中立原则。宽容原则用于对给出的论证的理解，指的是以合理性的最大限度来理解论证的原则。中立原则用于对给出的论证的评估，指的是以批判性准则来评估论证的原则。
在critical writing中要分别从主张、理由和推理三个方面重温评估论证的准则，基于这些准则需要做出哪些批判性反应，以及检查在论证中可能会出现哪些谬误。
critical essay writing句型
提出理论或论据时可以用到的critical essay语句：
There are a number of strengths/weaknesses etc with this theory/argument. Firstly---Secondly ---More/most importantly/significantly ---.
A (particular/important) strength of this is ---
One/a further (major/key) criticism of Smith’s work is that ---
A (serious) weakness/problem with this theory/argument/viewpoint/explanation/proposal/interpretation is that ---
However, this fails to/does not appear to take account of ---
What Smith fails to do is ---
Smith fails to fully acknowledge the importance of/need for ---etc
Smith offers no explanation for/omits to explain/mention ---
This could be challenged on the basis that ---
This relies too heavily on/places too much emphasis on ---
A counter argument might be that ---
It might be argued, however, that ---
An alternative explanation might be that ---
One question that might need to be asked is ---
It is questionable whether ---
There is an inconsistency in this argument: ---
An apparent inconsistency/omission is that ---
Smith contradicts himself in this when he states that ---
This argument/theory etc does not/fails to stand up to scrutiny when considering ---
This is/would not be appropriate in situations /cases where ---
There are/could be difficulties/limitations with applying this in practice, however.
This could present difficulties in practice. For example ---
The practical implications of this need to be carefully considered.
Implementation of this has not been without/has presented (considerable/numerous/some) difficulties.
与实践/方法/模型有关的critical essay句型：
This has/had the benefit/positive effect/advantage of ---
A positive outcome of this was ---
This appears to have been successful largely because–
This method/approach is particularly/mainly appropriate/useful in cases/circumstances where ---
One/another problem/disadvantage/drawback with this method/approach is/was that ---
This model/method/approach does/did not address/take account of ---
Perhaps the most serious disadvantage/limitation of this method is ---
There are a number of limitations when following this approach/using this method/model.
This method/model has a number of limitations/disadvantages
This method/approach does not lend itself to cases/situations where ---
引用他人的评论句型：
This has been criticised/challenged by –
Critics (Smith, 2008; Jones, 2009) have argued that ---
Many/some have challenged this on the grounds that ---
提出建设性意见时用到的语句：
A better/more systematic study would ---
It would be/would have been better/more beneficial/appropriate/useful/effective to ---
A better/more helpful etc approach/method etc would be/have been to---
The X approach/model would be/have been more appropriate/beneficial in this case/these circumstances.
This situation/these circumstances would lend itself/themselves better to the X model/approach.
Further explanation/clarification/research is required/recommended.
以上这些critical essay句型在进行critical essay writing中非常实用。 |
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