基于六西格玛的A公司产品制程能力提升研究：Based on Six-Sigma Research on Proces

1. Topic of meaning and context选题的意义和背景

Advances in technology make today's world of rapid economic development , companies want to remain invincible in the fierce competition, only constantly improve themselves and enhance their competitiveness , so more and more companies and organizations turned their attention to the introduction of advanced management models and methods to improve product and service quality [ 1 ] . Among the many methods , 6Sgima Management Act can be fruitful result comes as a method , it can help companies improve quality from all aspects of the critical processes , while significantly saving costs.
 

Quality is the lifeblood of a business , is fundamental for the survival of the enterprise , our company 's quality policy is : a comprehensive quality control, and implementing the system , provide quality customer demand ; full participation, in time, to achieve the goal of zero defects . 6Sgima as an innovative quality management model, since the United States made ​​by Motorola in the business world more and more attention and recognition. Many multinational companies are 6Sgima as a strategic enterprises and the introduction and promotion. Some of our walk in the forefront of quality management and medium-sized enterprises have begun to target the 6Sgima promote quality management [2 ] . Therefore, how to improve the quality of the products is a top priority , the topics to 6Sgima management model to improve the quality of the product - process capability study is significant.

 

6Sgima in the mid -1990s began to be GE from a total quality management approach evolved into a highly effective business process design , improvement and optimization technology, and provides a series of equally applicable to the design, manufacture and service of new product development tools. Then with GE globalization , service-oriented e-commerce strategy go hand in hand , becoming the world's pursuit of excellence in corporate management of the most important strategic initiatives. 6Sigma gradually developed into the main customer to determine the strategic objectives and product development and design of the scale , the pursuit of a management philosophy of continuous improvement [ 3 ] . 6Sgima summed up the successful experience of total quality management , process management, the essence of which refined techniques and the most effective way to become a way to improve business performance and competitiveness of the management model. This management method in Motorola, General Motors, Dell, HP , Siemens, Sony, Toshiba 's line of many multinational companies proved to be fruitful .
 

With the development of science and technology, the quality of people's increasing demand for the product , the quality of knowledge is also improving. Initially, people generally believe that product quality is measured by the instrument , improving manufacturing technology to make people believe that product quality is the turn out of the machine-made , after experiencing large- scale production, people began to realize that the quality of products must rely on a comprehensive quality management to ensure . In the machinery manufacturing industry, in order to achieve customer satisfaction and continual improvement , designers can design according to customer needs the product to meet customer demand , the results of the manufacturing sector is based on the design of production to meet the requirements of the product [ 4 ] . But to meet product requirements rely solely on processing procedures is not enough, more is to manage a large number of quality production processes , to reduce substandard goods, defects or errors in the work to a minimum, while 6Sgima is basically a process of quality objectives , is one of the key elements of reliability , it is actually far beyond measure , verify and isolate the defective product , but represents a change in traditional practices, is a new management approach , emphasizing the involvement of employees at all levels , is a customer-centric , data-based , using statistical methods to pursue business management ideas perfect target [ 5 ] . By correctly identifying customer needs , workflow reengineering and other measures to improve the management of innovation advocacy core competitiveness of enterprises ; to measure the DMAIC problem by establishing a logical model , analyze the causes , improving and monitoring the effect of the optimization process , the enterprise product manufacturing capacity to achieve the best aspects of the process . It is in this context, I chose this topic , as well as help to improve the quality of the research objectives machinery manufacturing industry products.

 

Zhang Chi books "6Sigma combat" ( Guangdong Economic Press, 2002 ) , the book 6Sgima concept , implementation phase , procedures, methods , tools, statistical theory and computer software applications are systematically introduced in detail . It also cited a number of cases that demonstrates how 6Sgima techniques and methods used in different processes and industries. Wen put pregnant compilation of " six 6Sigma designed combat" ( Guangdong Economic Press, 2003 ) , the enterprise quality management studies , conceptual design involving Six Sigma , how to use its design tools , and how to use Six Sigma Design statistical analysis tools discussed in detail how the six Sigma design and project management .

Marlin & Ho Jeong waiting book "6Sigma Management " ( Renmin University of China Press, 2004 ) , the book covers the China Quality Association registered 6Sigma Black Belt BOK All content , including : 6Sigma management collar ; business process management , performance objectives and measurements ; 6Sigma project management ; main tool DMAIC approach each stage ; combined with 6Sigma Lean Enterprise and its management ; DFSS methods and tools . Wen put pregnant edited books "6Sigma Started - New factory management " ( Guangdong Economic Press, 2005 ) , the book focuses on all the work as a process , the use of quantitative methods of factors affecting the quality of the analysis process , identify the most crucial factor to be improved so as to achieve higher customer satisfaction.
 

Xiao group books "6Sigma and Competitive Strategy " ( Chinese science and culture Audiovisual Publishing House , 2006 ) , the authors quantify fully embodies the ideas of scientific management . In China to promote 6Sigma, for many companies , the traditional and the modern management experience to form a clear idea of ​​the physical and chemical management conflicts . So, the first modern enterprise management ideas of modernization . Promote the work of the National 6Sigma management committee, six 6Sigma management evaluation criteria Task Force compiled "6Sigma management evaluation criteria " ( People's University of China Press, 2007 ) tells the story of the author 's evaluation criteria 6Sigma management , the guidelines based on the actual management of 6Sigma , with reference to foreign about 6Sigma management evaluation methods and related research , from 6Sigma leadership , 6Sigma strategy, customer -driven and customer satisfaction , 6Sigma basic management , 6Sigma project management , evaluation and incentive and management results in seven areas 6Sigma provides 6Sigma evaluation requirements and management assessment Guidelines for the organization and implementation of 6Sigma management system provides a framework and guidelines for self-evaluation can also be used to organize the management of the six 6Sigma supply-side evaluation, and management of third-party evaluation of six 6Sigma .#p#分页标题#e#
 

Chenwan Lin eds "practical 6Sigma quality breakthrough - fast - accurate business management of the Road" ( Tsinghua University Press , 2008 ) , the book written in 6Sigma breakthrough quality focus is a combination of the Chinese and North American long-term management practices and six 6Sigma written in the Black Belt training . The book features a large number of instances , focuses on a practical PCPDPA + DMAIC6Sigma models. : Rong Yi Chao, Zhang Lu compilation of " six 6Sigma management theory and practice " ( Science Press , 2009 ) , the authors analyzed the combined 6Sigma management theory and specific processes in the system introduces the basic foundation 6Sigma management theory, around the project a detailed description of the implementation process . Xiao group compiled a " six 6Sigma and Competitive Strategy " ( Chinese science and culture Audiovisual Publishing House , 2010 ) , the book considers six 6Sigma management is a new management model , fully embodies the ideas of scientific management to quantify . In China to promote six 6Sigma, for many companies , the traditional and the modern management experience to form a clear idea of ​​the physical and chemical management conflicts . So, the first modern enterprise management ideas of modernization .
 

With 6Sgima continues to develop, the company introduced its now showing big 6Sgima its direction , which is based on the basic idea 6Sgima to 6Sgima theory as the main binding 6SgimaBB, 6Sgima GB project ; FPS project ; TPM project ; QCC projects and other tools to achieve their goals , shown in Figure 1-1 .

 

In this paper, taking literature research, case studies method.
 

Literature research is mainly based on the results of previous research results and records are plausible assumptions above , then further study. Since the reform and opening up, engage 6Sgima quality management research scholars lot, also achieved good results. Their findings are often in the form of a variety of literature exists everywhere , therefore , I believe that research of this topic , you should take literature study . The research method focused on literature collection methods , the need for rigorous literature survey method. Literature research and scope of the analysis in this paper include : 6Sgima theoretical research , a variety of quality theoretical research findings.
 

In the typical case law from an event to pass the entire existence of the state of the study should be. Based on the above general overview , take a typical case analysis method to analyze the object introduced the background , the challenge and the like. In this paper, SS1118F-S01 products, for example , studied the use of 6Sgima our management approach , DMAIC problem-solving logical steps , through the accumulation of data and statistical analysis using Minitab analysis tools to find effective ways to solve the problem , optimizing optimum of process , in this manner the process to solve problems and improve product quality and customer satisfaction , increase economic efficiency and to provide basis for decision making for the company of the same type of product design improvements. Our practical case studies enable readers to more clearly understand the ideas and methods of research .
 

The innovation of this paper is : focus on topics respect to the relationship 6Sgima quality management and product process capability will 6Sgima quality management applied to specific products , avoiding from a macro perspective generalities research 6Sgima quality management practices, through continuous research and perfect, worked out to improve the quality level of our products effective measures
 

2.The basic theory 6Sgima6Sgima的基本理论

6Sgima is an enterprise product quality management in every one million products or services are only 3.4 times of adverse events . σ ( pronounced sigma) represents the standard deviation to measure fluctuations in process or product quality , each sigma level corresponds to a percentage , expressed as a percentage within the scope of the process or product quality requirements. 3sigma on behalf of a product or process , such as the passing rate of 93.32 percent ; while 6Sgima reached a pass rate of 99.99966% (converted to 3.4ppm) [6], as shown in Table 2-1 .

 

This is a world-class product quality standards enterprises, but also Chinese enterprises strive for product quality goals. Quality standards before that 99% of the yield has been a good level of quality , but in this standard, it means that every letter sent 300,000 , there will be 3 , 000 misdirected ; 50,0000 times per turn , there will be 4,100 times the crash. The use of a standard method to measure 6Sgima management , toward the direction of 6σ efforts will greatly reduce this error. 6Sgima Management Act contains the central idea is the process by measuring the deviation of size , to eliminate these partial systems Poor, and thus the maximum extent possible to achieve zero defects. Specifically , 3σ and 6σ as given in Table 2-2.

6Sgima management is applied to the above concept of enterprise management work, every piece of work that is done perfectly, so that all clients only 3.4 parts per million of work dissatisfaction rate. So 6Sgima management is a customer-centric , data- based, objective statistical analysis of excellence in pursuit of the perfect enterprise management system is an effective tool for measuring the quality of corporate management , but also to promote a new management enterprise development philosophy and vision. 6σ management attention processes, especially providing value to markets and customers core processes . Because the process capability to measure with σ , σ , the smaller the fluctuation process , process losses at the lowest cost , the shortest period of time , the ability to meet customer requirements will be. 6σ theory is that most companies operating in the 3σ ~ 4σ room , that operational errors per million between 6210 ~ 66800 , these defects requires operators to sales of 15 % to 30 % of the funds to make up afterwards or amendment , and if done 6σ, afterwards make up 5% of the funds will be reduced to about sales [ 8 ] .

 

6Sgima is to improve customer satisfaction as the goal, through statistical analysis , process improvement , to a method of teamwork to achieve the research objectives of improving the quality of management, the management of its main features are:
 

(1) 6Sgima aims to improve customer satisfaction. Really focus on the customer , the customer's needs are the driving force behind 6Sgima improvement . To maximize customer satisfaction for enterprises is extremely important. It largely determines the market share and profitability of enterprises, and therefore determines the survival and development of enterprises . 6Sgima biggest key to successful management is through customer satisfaction surveys, careful analysis and identification of the real needs of customers, timely and effective manner to meet the real needs of customers, and even exceed customer expectations , so that enterprises have a strong core competitiveness in the market competition [ 8 ] .

(2) 6Sgima based on data and facts is a driven management approach . Data is the foundation of 6Sgima for classification , description , improve , and control processes. 6Sgima stressed that all rely on digital speech , to eliminate subjective assumptions and methods of doing things by virtue of experience .

(3) 6Sgima focus on improvement and reengineering and management innovation processes. Process improvement is 6Sgima main target , whether it is product design, performance measurement, all activities to enhance efficiency and customer satisfaction, and processes are related , and all processes are variations exist , 6Sgima is to reduce process variability [ 9 ] . Many of the problems encountered in the implementation of 6Sigma management often very special project implementation needs to creative work on the production and workflow reengineering, or on various aspects of business management bold innovation. If the project implementation is subject to their own level of knowledge and professionalism can not be implemented innovation or innovative content can not get strong support from business leaders and workers , and that the results 6Sigma management activities carried out will be a lot worse , or even cause halfway.

(4) 6Sgima emphasize active management . Initiative is to take preventive rather than remedial advance , 6Sgima steps and remedial tool can replace the habit of telling in advance what to do management.

(5) 6Sgima promote collaboration without boundaries . 6Sgima opportunity to expand cooperation in various units , so that cross-unit project with members of their responsibilities and the direction of the flow of knowledge and the division of labor with the team to improve .

(6) 6Sgima pursuit of perfection , but tolerate failure. Nature is the pursuit of perfection and tolerance for failure are complementary, in the process of implementing 6Sgima not completely without resistance , must accept and deal with the occasional failures and lessons learned from.