指导英国assignment “….All Jews, both men and women, living in and passing through Our kingdoms and Our lands are to leave Our kingdom by the end of themonth of July, together with their sons and daughter and wet-nursesand Jewish relatives both adults and children, and let them not dare toreturn, for they do so under pain of death and the confiscation of alltheir property by the Royal Treasury…
Alhambra Decree(Ferdinand and Isabella)
Granada, 31 March 1492
"If they do not leave they will findthemselves sitting on the fire…”Idi Amin, Kampala, 1972
- ordering expulsion of Asians
from Uganda
Introduction to Diaspora
and Transnational Studies
DTSB01Y
What is Diaspora?
Class 2Announcements
DTS – a major, a minor
DTS Lecture Series
Two Readings for next week
Brian Keith Axel
Rogers BrubakerDTS Lecture Series
A PUBLIC LECTURE WITH ROSHINI
KEMPADOO
Photographer, Media Artist, and Lecturer
Wednesday October 20
4:00pm JH100A
Imagining An(O)ther world:
Womenʼsnarratives, internationalism and
resistance in the artwork /Arrival /(2010)Safran’s def’n Cohen’s def’n
Expatriate minority
communities:
History of dispersal
‘memory, vision, or myth of
homeland’
Alienation from host
country
Desire for eventual return
Ongoing support of
homeland
Consciousness and
solidarity as a group
defined by a continuing
relationship with the
homeland
Dispersal and scattering
Collective trauma
Cultural flowering
Troubled r’ship w/
majority
Sense of transnational
community
Promotion of return
movement“Diaspora discourse articulates, or
bends together, both roots and routes
to construct … alternate public spheres,
forms of community consciousness and
solidarity that maintain identifications
outside the national time/space in order
to live inside, with a difference…”
CliffordWhat is the National time/space?
I am Canadian
ature=related
指导英国assignment eature=relatedDiasporic communities modify
‘host’ socieites
How else?Displacement
“The old assumption that immigrants
would identify with their adopted
country in terms of political loyalty,#p#分页标题#e#
culture and language can no longer be
taken for granted.”
Robin Cohen (1987: x)Diaspora – “A promiscuously
capacious category”
“exile”
“expatriation”
“postcoloniality”
“migrancy”
“globality”
“transnationality”
“Diaspora” refers to the
relations between
homelands and host
nations from the
perspective of those
who have moved,
whether voluntarily or
not, and to the lived
experience of these
communities.Diasporas characterized by
interaction with their homelands
Diasporas classed by status of their homeland
diasporas whose homeland is an ethnic nation (a
stateless people): ethnonational diasporas
Diasporas whose homeland is a state: patriate
diasporas
Diasporas whose homeland is neither a state nor a
nation (sub-state, city, village, religious community,
etc.) : communal diasporas
Diasporas characterized analytically
Individual members of a diaspora: diasporan
Organized groups of diasporans: diasporan
organizations
Diasporans viewed as a collectivity: diasporan
communityThe politics of nominalization
“I am rethinking the uses of diaspora more
precisely to compel a discussion of the politics
of nominalization, in a moment of careless
rhetoric when such a question is often the
first casualty. An intellectual history of the
term is needed, in other words, because
diaspora is taken up at a particular
conjuncture in black scholarly discourse to do
a particular kind of epistemological work”
(Edwards 2001: 46)Questions -
An intellectual history of the term is
needed?
Diaspora does “a particular kind of
epistemological work”?You can’t hate the roots of a
tree
Malcolm X (May 19, 1925 – February
21, 1965 )- an African-American Muslim
minister and human rights activist. He
advocated for the rights of African
Americans
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbtjIUu0i4Some points highlighted…
Contested visions of the homeland
Vision of homeland is a vision of the
self
Self-sufficiency
The metaphor of the tableDiasporas Envisioned
“A member’s adherence to a diasporic
community is demonstrated by an
acceptance of an inescapable link with
their past migration history and a sense
of co-ethnicity with others of a similar
background.”
Robin Cohen (1987: ix)Key Elements
Places where people dwell: country,
domicile, land
Homeland: The place they view as their
traditional domicile.
Hostland : The places outside their homeland#p#分页标题#e#
where diasporans live.
Acceptance of an inescapable link
Past migration history
A sense of co-ethnicityWe have to fight over the
concept diaspora…
“we have to fight over the concept diaspora and to
move it away from the obsession with origins, purity
and invariant sameness. Very often the concept of
diaspora has been used to say, “Hooray! we can
rewind the tape of history, we can get back to the
original moment of our dispersal!” I’m saying
something quite different. That’s why I didn’t call the
book diaspora anything. I called it Black Atlantic
because I wanted to say, “If this is a diaspora, then
it’s a very particular kind of diaspora. It’s a diaspora
that can’t be reversed”
- Paul Gilroy quoted in Edwards 2001: 63Cohen – Types of Diasporic
Communities
Victim - Africans, Armenians
Labour - Indians
Imperial - British
Trading - Chinese and Lebanese
Cultural - CaribbeanThe Highland Clearances – A
Scottish Diaspora?McConnell woos Canadians in fresh charm offensive
Jack McConnell last night launched a fresh campaign to recruit ambassadors to
promote a modern Scotland across the world. The First Minister hopes to exploit
the goodwill of the world's 25 million people with Scots ancestry, representing five
times the nation's population, as revealed in The Times this month.
The campaign aims to promote modern Scotland's global economic, scientific and
cultural profile and will include a mobile exhibition and possibly a new "e zine"
online bulletin for the Scottish diaspora.
Overseas students who have graduated from universities in Scotland are also to
be targeted in the campaign, which the First Minister launched at a gala event in
Toronto, Canada. He told the 350 guests: "I want to recruit you as ambassadors
for modern Scotland. We want to shout from the rooftops about the things that
make Scotland a great place: our beautiful mountains, lochs and glens; our history,
castles, traditions and culture; the pride and spirit of our people.
"And now you can talk about Scotland as a land of opportunity too. Tonight marks
the start of Scotland's campaign to reach out to the Scottish diaspora all over the
world." There are four million people with Scottish ancestry in Canada and the First
Minister's North American tour has included a meeting in New York with Donald#p#分页标题#e#
Trump, whose mother was born on the Isle of Lewis.
Mr McConnell travelled to Ottawa, where he met the Prime Minister Paul Martin
and Hugh Boyle, the Scots-born founder and chief executive of the airline Zoom. Greg: It’s more an emotional thing,
I think, than any kind of factual
relationship, because it was a long
time ago, it was 175 years, you
know, that they left here, so there’s
that distance in time, and certainly
the geographic distance is great,
but when I’m standing here looking
out, it doesn’t seem so great, it
seems as though it could have been
50 years ago or less, and I don’t get
that sense of distance or distance in
time when I’m here.
Lee: (tearful) It’s a very emotional
thing. Our family has always been
very important to us, to see where
our earliest recorded ancestors
actually worked and made a living,
and to see the things that they saw,
指导英国assignment looking over the bay, it’s . . . it’s
very emotional. (CBC, 1999)
