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英语国际贸易网络化的相关分析Assignmentm范文 Changes in international trade network effects and
With the rapid development of science and technology , network and IT revolution launched a network , making the network of business activities , and promote economic globalization , international trade will also bring an era of information technology . This trade network trend , breaking the spatial and geographical constraints , which greatly promoted the development of trade in information technology , and promote the trade of innovation, which is the most representative of e-commerce and network trading . This network of trade has many advantages, such as low cost, fast, paperless trading , convenient and so on.
随着科技的迅速进展，网络与信息技术发起了一场网络革命，要得公司打理活动网络化，增进经济全世界化，同时也将国际商业活动带入了一个信息化的时期。这种商业活动的网络化发展方向，突破了空间和地域的限止，大大推动了商业活动的信息化进展，推进了商业活动形式的不断创新，那里面最具备代表的是电子商业上的事务和网络商业活动。
The network and the knowledge economy, more and more domestic and international boundaries are not clear, the United States as the world's major exporter , how to understand the main characteristics of today's world , to grasp the characteristics of network and information technology and development trend, accelerate the construction of the United States of information for U.S. looking for new trade and economic development opportunities , develop new growth points, to provide strong support and a full range of services , has become the future development of the U.S. economy to face the problem . At the same time , international trade also with the rapid development of information technology are constantly changing, which is the domestic economic and trade development also poses a severe challenge. To this end , this paper on international trade network causes analyzed, elaborated international trade facing the survival and development environment, and then analyzes the impact of international trade network contrast , concludes with a tendency to deal with international trade networks proposed measures .
在网络和知识经济时期，国内国际界限越来越不鲜亮，美国作为天底下的出口大国，怎么样意识当今世界的主要特点标志，把握网络与信息技术特别的性质与进展发展方向，加速美国的信息化建设，为美国经济和商业活动寻觅新的进展机缘，拓展新的提高点，供给强硬支持和全方位的服务，已变成美国经济未来进展所要面临的问题。
Cause of international trade network
International trade network on the Internet means that international trade practices ( Liujiang Bing , 2010 ) , the modern information technology as the core of the new trade patterns , in essence, international trade , innovative ways . In the traditional way of international trade , the general need to improve their external publicity or awareness for cooperation between enterprises trading , the two sides negotiate, after signing the contract , then the transaction in cash and goods , that is to complete the whole transaction process . As the network and the rapid development of information technology , people access to information is also increasing , which overcomes the difficulties in international trade information acquisition constraints . For lesser-known companies, can enable more customers to quickly understand product information ; also the relative weakening of the international well-known enterprises monopoly.
In the new products in international trade, companies generally will consider the economic benefits they bring , as well as their impact , these effects are in the entire transaction process can not be ignored . For today this new system of international trade , the big countries are deteriorating terms of trade , leading to a large Congress continually depress commodity prices in international trade , reducing the value of output , reducing the variety of unnecessary wear and tear , while looking through a diverse network marketing channels , increasing its international trade interests . For less developed countries, new technologies can reap greater benefits of economic growth , over time, they get to keep the interest spread around the world , while its industrial structure will be gradually to the human capital -intensive and more high capital intensity or direction of a higher migration. This shows that the terms of trade between countries in the ongoing dynamic adjustment , then the developed countries but also spared no effort to give effective support, so it is bound to promote the formation of the network of trade .
Today, countries continue to implement large-scale technology development projects , these research and development will not only stimulate economic growth , increase employment opportunities, but will bring many technology products, driven by technological advances in many industries and product innovation . In addition, with the trend of economic globalization increasingly prominent , production management, multinational group of companies to grow and develop and market operations of the urgent need for more efficient communication system to support complete. As telecommunications technology and computer technology mutual harmony , computer networking , e-commerce , digital business network and high-speed communication networks have been the development of people's daily lives provides a variety of needs, which not only changed the economic development of the external technical environment , but also for people to learn , live, work provides a convenient high-speed network environment .
International trade environment facing the survival and development
Currently, the process of global economic integration , showing the most major characteristic is trade liberalization , regional integration , R & D and production process integration, global resources and market integration , information and settlement of globalization , the product and services globally. For international operations of multinational companies , in this process plays an increasingly important role , and gradually evolved into the world economic structure of the subject. In the information and network technology support and promotion , multinationals continue to show a business diversification, making globalization and internationalization of production , trade internalization characteristics. In order to meet the worldwide signing and stocking, development and production , distribution and settlement, headquarters and branch , such as efficient demand high accuracy remote operation , network and IT also needs to continue to improve , more enhanced features , highly intelligent technology .
In today's international trade an important way - e-commerce development trend, the developed countries has obvious advantages, and application levels are quite high in the area of trade -related services also occupies a dominant position. In the United States , with information directly or indirectly related to the sector in the total GDP in the proportion of 80% in new jobs , 90 % came from information-related industries. The development of the United States , including the United States , and its level of information is very low , a large gap with the developed countries . However, the future of international trade inevitable trend of e-commerce , e-commerce has mainly large amount of information stored for a long time , low prices, large number of customers , transfer speed, greatly reducing the commercial part of the advantage , which will further promote international rapid development of trade , has a very broad prospects for development . If we do not take positive and effective measures to accelerate the rapid development of e-commerce , will in the twenty-first century international competition in a more disadvantageous position.
Impact on international trade network
The rapid development of network information technology , global economic integration , many aspects of international trade had a great impact, there are internal and external combination of direct and indirect co-exist, methods and means of coordination , content and methods of the combined effects of interactive way . Also, generate new business methods and new concepts in Internet-based e-commerce driven by worldwide business negotiation and contracting , trading and settlement efficiency and success rate has been greatly improved, and the efficiency of logistics scheduling higher, broader market more comprehensive information collection channels , looking for partners more convenient. The authors consider the impact on international trade and more specifically manifested in the following aspects:
( one ) to provide more convenient and practical means of international trade
First, an Internet-based network established international trade electronic platform , eliminating the gap between time and space , breaking the national and regional boundaries , the traditional concept of the Earth has become a " global village " concept, closely linked to the whole world , so that information on the internet unimpeded. Throughout the network, regardless of the country to achieve , ethnicity, race , occupation and social status between the free exchange and communication information, greatly reducing people 's dependence on space . Second, the network beyond the constraints of time , making the trade could run 24 hours for information transmission, shorten the time span between the economy , reducing the time factors. Finally, the modern information network speed of light to transmit information available for trading companies provide highly sensitive to market changes in real time observation of the development of means of real-time information collection, processing and applications, greatly accelerated the pace of trade . Therefore , buyers and sellers in such a high-speed network platform for fast transaction, buyers and sellers can not negotiate face to face , will be able to implement and complete the delivery and settlement of international trade activities , and effectively promoting the process of international trade reform , improve the international trade efficiency.
( Two ) to improve economic efficiency and market competitiveness
The information in this no limit on the network , you can contact the producers and consumers , reducing the number of intermediate links , reduce transaction costs and significantly improve economic efficiency , which is mainly to reduce the procurement process of the human and material resources. In the actual transaction process, from customer order to get the input of the data store sales electronic receipt date, the whole process only takes about 5-20 seconds, and is very easy, time-saving. Business managers can get cross -level, cross-regional multi-directional information can identify problems early , thus effectively avoid significant economic losses , but also can reduce the internal management aspects , reduce management costs , to enable enterprises to maximize efficiency. Real-time control network allows businesses to the international market price dynamics, timely adjustment of relevant policies conducive to more quickly find the ideal partners to improve their international competitiveness ; simultaneously through the Internet can also recognize the strengths and weaknesses of international competitors have help improve the quality of products.
Because there are a lot of free Internet resources in a complex architectural design and other work processes , through the use of these resources to aid the design , and then through a computer simulation of the entire production process online , not only can shorten the product design cycle , reduce quantity , but also through simulations to find the problem , and further optimize the production design , reduce or eliminate unnecessary economic losses. For a particular product and technology development , production processes , equipment, apparatus and other issues, via the Internet to communicate information to different countries and regions, a number of professional experts , joint research, not only the experts went to the site to reduce costs associated with more favorable troubleshoot problems quickly , saving time and increasing economic efficiency.
( Three ) to accelerate the development of international trade
In the high-speed and efficient network platform , international trade process is greatly accelerated , and the diversification of sales channels , marketing activities more frequently effective , greatly promoted the development of international trade . According to statistics , the electronic commerce system enables existing commercial document delivery speed increased by 81 %, which means trading activities directly eliminates the spatial distance and time constraints . On the one hand , information gathering interactive ( Lei Huang , 2010 ) , so that buyers and sellers trading process more clear , communication brings the convenience of anytime, anywhere interactive two-way communication , fully embodies the network 's " space becomes flat "effect. On the other hand , the network information sharing, information can be passed to more customers , but it also reflects the tiling of a transfer of its features, additional information can be passed to the product concerned who carry out more smooth communication on a network . With the media and information technology innovation , will help strengthen international interdependence and competition , to further promote the development of global economic integration .
International trade network of change and innovation
As noted above , international trade network is the inevitable trend of development, and in this trend has brought many benefits to the business and changes , but how actively developing the use of the network as a medium of trade in the United States is bound to face problems. According to a recent U.S. trade network of the current situation , to make the United States in the future in an invincible position in international trade , it is imperative to develop the network in the U.S. economy , and actively carry out e-commerce. From the current perspective, the full realization of U.S. foreign trade e-commerce also need to do the following aspects:
Strengthen the network of trade laws and regulations enacted to create a good social network economy credit environment ( Gann Chi , 2010 ) . Social credit system in the United States , and do not conduct lifelong personal credit records , which makes the process of conducting online transactions often occur fraud on the overall development of network economy had a negative impact . In laws and regulations , the existing regulations are not suitable for many trade networks of trade, thus the need for targeted based network management, financial settlement , information security , intellectual property and other issues to develop appropriate laws , be strict , strong social supervision, to promote the healthy development of the Internet economy , trade development for the network to provide a favorable external environment.
Strengthen infrastructure construction , economic development for the network to provide a new hardware environment ( Tao et al., 2010 ) . Internet-based network economy, an economic form , if you do not have good information infrastructure, trade development will be severely constrained networks . Although in recent years the U.S. information infrastructure has been greatly improved, but compared with developed countries , China 's investment in information infrastructure serious shortage . In many remote and poor areas has not yet officially launched construction of information infrastructure , the construction of the information superhighway has become "blind spots ." In addition , the domestic information network is running slow, costs are too high and so are the U.S. information infrastructure reflected inadequate , which are a serious impediment to the development of American commerce .
Accelerate enterprise information management , trade development for the network to prepare . In the Information Age , many online trade process are omitted middle of the process , making the network across the enterprise to interact directly deal , which requires companies to speed up the process of information , as well the development of the network of trade body preparation. Currently, the U.S. e-commerce awareness among many companies , the need to attract and train networks , e-commerce professionals, or step up publicity efforts to popularize knowledge of the network , so that e-commerce business managers have a more in-depth understanding. In management, increase management information system applications in order to achieve scientific management, improve management efficiency, in order to develop e-commerce enterprises laid a solid foundation.
Strengthen cooperation between departments , and actively participate in international dialogue on e-commerce . In terms of international trade itself , the whole process will involve banking, insurance, customs, transport , commodity inspection departments in the process of its network , other relevant departments need to have the foundation to achieve electronic closely, so this much-needed cooperation between the various departments . At present, the international e-commerce negotiations focused on a few developed countries led by the U.S. , between the lack of participation of developing countries, the United States , tend to make the outcome of negotiations is biased, is not conducive to States to establish a generally accepted fair , reasonable international framework for electronic commerce . The United States as a fifth of the world population owns a big country should actively participate in international negotiations on e-commerce organization , which the United States and many developed countries, the U.S. network of economic development are very favorable .
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