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In the action of creating and implementing the project, how to advance in architecture projects finer advance human, actual and banking assets in adjustment to abbreviate activity and actual consumption, and accomplished top bread-and-butter and amusing benefits, activity administration is a actual important problems. Activity bulk management. The purpose of the activity bulk administration is not alone to ascendancy activity investment bulk does not beat the accustomed limit, but aswell in the all-embracing absorption of the project, the rational use of human, actual and banking assets to accomplish the greatest acknowledgment on investment.
工程往往好大，其中的劳动人力物资投入要有效才能省力省时，这是工程项目管理中的一个十分重要的问题。设计工程管理又会遇到基础的问题，工程造价。工程造价管理的目的不仅在于控制项目投资不超过批准的造价，更在于保证项目的整体利益，合理地使用人力、物力、财力，保证的投资效益。http://www.ukassignment.org/dxygessay/
A architecture activity from brewing, planning and architecture to put into the affairs cover the following: the activity angle stage, the achievability appraisal phase, architecture phase, architecture phase, the final accepting stage. Accordingly, the assurance of the activity bulk and architecture date plan to adapt, about disconnected into the afterward phases: First, bulk administration controlling stage; Second, bulk administration architecture and planning stage; Third, the accomplishing of bulk administration stage; Fourth, the bulk of managing the achievement phase.
一个建设项目从酝酿、规划、设计到建成投产包括以下程序：即项目建议书阶段、可行性评估阶段、设计阶段、施工阶段、竣工验收阶段。相应地，工程造价的确定与工程建设阶段性工作相适应，一般分为以下几个阶段：一是决策阶段的造价管理；二是设计与计划阶段的造价管理；三是实施阶段的造价管理；四是竣工阶段的造价管理。
Cost administration in a controlling stage
一、决策阶段的造价管理
Estimated Investment decisions aboriginal stages of activity alertness is an important allotment of the activity angle and achievability abstraction address is an important base for the investment affairs of choice. The capital factors that access the controlling appearance of the activity bulk are: to actuate the akin of architecture standards; accept built-up areas; architecture website (site) selection; economies of calibration of the project; technology selection; accessories selection.
Content of the controlling appearance of the activity is the base for accommodation authoritative activity bulk anon affects the accommodation to actuate and ascendancy the assorted stages of the architecture appearance afterwards the activity bulk is scientific, reasonable question, in the alertness of the controlling appearance of the activity accept to be applicable investment estimates. Therefore, the afterward measures can be taken to ascendancy the appearance of the activity cost:
(A) acclimate the arena abstracts collection
Location of the activity bulk cadre charge to aggregate baptize ambit conditions, geological conditions, bulk abstracts for above abstracts and equipment, aggregate actual sourcing abstracts and agnate projects accept been built, and the accurateness of the information, the believability of a authentic assay to ensure that the investment forecast, abridgement authentic analysis.
(B) accomplish abstruse and bread-and-butter achievability abstraction date demonstration
To do a achievability abstraction on the charge for able bazaar research, including calm and all-embracing markets in the adding of the aeon of the activity proposed artefact appeal conditions, architecture of agnate projects, civic action for the industry and the approaching development trends .
(C) do Optimization
Economic and abstruse agents should plan carefully with designers, multi-technology solutions with a activating bread-and-butter allegory assay method, optimization, to accomplish the action as simple as possible, alternative of accessories is added reasonable, appropriately extenuative a lot of money.
Second, the architecture and planning date of bulk management
二、设计与计划阶段的造价管理
Based on the assay and abstraction of all-embracing projects and bulk control, begin that the activity planning and architecture appearance of the affairs to baddest the greatest appulse on the absolute investment activity can be as top as 80%. The akin of planning and architecture claim of the investment, the advance and superior of architecture works in affectionate has a actual big impact. Architecture and planning date of the capital factors affecting the activity bulk are: absolute bright design, amplitude aggregate (including storey, layers, autogenous acme is determined, etc.), activity funding, architecture anatomy type, architecture materials, architecture sites (site) and the designer's able akin and so on.
Thus, alone afore the architecture plan is not completed, the architecture assets are not delivered in the aboriginal off a acceptable activity bulk administration in adjustment to lay the foundation for the all-embracing activity bulk control. In the architecture process, you can use bulk engineering to architecture a allusive assay of the economy, the aberrant architecture advice, so as to ascendancy the bulk accumulation for investment purposes. In the projects, for this stage, we can yield the afterward measures for the Activity Bulk Management:
(A) authorize the all-important rules and regulations, acutely the admiral and responsibilities of assorted departments and positions, a bright assay of rewards and punishments
Only bright certificate administration system, the albatross for engineering and abstruse cadre and bread-and-butter and abstruse personnel, rights and interests and activity bulk administration action is affiliated to activate their activity to the architecture and bulk administration plan to do abundant planning stage, and accurate.
(B) deepening abstruse training, and consistently advance the all-embracing superior of all aspects of personnel
Design and planning date of the activity bulk administration is a absolute work, architecture and bread-and-butter and abstruse cadre to accept a bigger all-embracing superior of the job.
(C) as an important agency to absolute the architecture activity bulk management
Units advised to apparatus the architecture in engineering architecture limits, who can architecture the agreeable of quantitative analysis, both through calculation, technology and abridgement accumulated with the abstracts speak, should be absolutely advised in the architecture and architecture of the achievability of the economy, that is to abstruse and administration akin to adapt.
Third, the accomplishing appearance of bulk management
三、实施阶段的造价管理
Project accomplishing phase, the architecture aeon of the activity in the time it takes the longest, better bulk of allotment is the capital date of the architecture activity bulk and use bulk realization, but aswell budgetary funds into a analytical date of architecture entities. The capital factors affecting the accomplishing appearance of the activity bulk are: activity bidding, the arrangement active with the management, assay of architecture design, abstracts administration and achievement of the assay settlement.
Although the accomplishing appearance of the activity to save and advance a almost baby proportion, but for assorted affidavit the achievability of ashen investment is great, because the action of basic a architecture article is not reversible, if at this date bootless to accomplish able ascendancy of the activity cost, The bread-and-butter losses acquired irreparable and accomplish up. At this stage, we can yield the afterward measures for the Activity Bulk Management:
(A) acceptable bread-and-butter accounting of architecture projects
Construction activity bread-and-butter accounting refers to the concrete activity (labor, machinery, materials) occurred in the architecture and activation of activity burning assay and study, begin that the problems and seek solutions.
(B) measures to strengthen contract
Contract administration arrangement is the base and foundation. Costly architecture projects, involving a advanced ambit of alone differences, continued time for performance, the agreeable requirements of the arrangement should be complete, clear, absolute wording, cold and authentic agreement meticulous, rigorous, do aggregate accessible to ensure the achievement of the contract, the arrangement managed smoothly.
(C) acceptable bulk ascendancy and administration of material
First, the alertness of actual requirements planning; Second, to strengthen abstracts management, abbreviation the bulk of actual loss.
(D) to do the plan of architecture claims
As a architecture unit, strengthen claims control, should strengthen key aspects of administration and control, to abstain the architecture assemblage of abstract claims acquired by animal factors; accomplish the architecture action a array of acreage records, reports, logs, affair minutes, memos, assurance formalities Supervision notification, agenda recording, assay data, photographs and added works can be acclimated as affirmation of claims and counter-claims abstracts collection, collation; fair, reasonable and appropriate processing of claims occur, to abstain a greater accident claims; according to behest documents, arrangement documents, accompaniment laws, regulations, standards, etc., rational and aseptic conduct counter-claims.
(E) achievement of adjustment plan to do
Have abundant complete accounting records, such as actual prices, engineering and engineering change due to changes in the hidden works of acceptance. Measurement of quantities, accounting of the bulk of actual appropriate for the activity bulk should be affected accurately.
Cost administration in four stages of completion
The date of achievement is a key allotment of the absolute activity bulk control, and in the end date of the project, the architecture assemblage of the absolute architecture activity to conduct a absolute evaluation, but aswell summed up the activity cost. On the one duke acquaint abstruse throughout the activity administration of the architecture bulk of the accomplished process, on the added assay in agreement of bulk ascendancy deficiencies, due to abstract affidavit as to analyze the factors affecting the accomplished action of bulk management, and to affected them. The capital factors affecting the activity bulk are: the beat action of the adjustment of the beat agents due to which the position, the position is altered for altered purposes, and the plan of the altered levels of beat agents will aswell affect the appraisal of the aberration amid the activity cost. For this stage, we can yield the afterward measures for the Activity Bulk Management:
(A) collect, adduce able-bodied achievement data
Completion abstracts include: achievement of the activity map, architecture change notifications, assorted types of visas, the capital actual certification, bulk and so on.
(B) all-embracing site, to absolutely butt the reside project
Estimators in engineering adding date architecture website accept to be absolute checking, measuring, recording can be accurate.
(C) the ability of knowledge, absorption to able ethics
Budget agents not alone to absolutely accustomed with anchored terms, to butt all costs even college authorities book a absolute compassionate of the activity account anchored agreement for the anchored about-face and additions. But aswell to adept assertive aspects of ability architecture norms and architecture construction.
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