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文学essay范文 Researching the Themes of The Death of Ivan Ilych
当我们提到的名字的狮子座·尼古拉耶维奇·托尔斯泰、每个人都回忆他不朽的作品,《战争与和平》、《《安娜·卡列尼娜》”,但所有的生命托尔斯泰写短篇小说和小说。
利奥·托尔斯泰、事实上世界上最伟大的小说家之一。他的作品有着深远的影响20th很多世纪中叶文学。托尔斯泰取得了优异的成绩,在他的有生之年文学名人,在俄罗斯和国外。现代主义文学的影响可能达到了顶峰托尔斯泰的小说,但这是他的渗透心理分析对后世文学产生深远的影响。写短篇故事和小说epos;对小说铺平了道路,使读者熟悉的哲学和美学的深层世界作者。短篇故事和小说更接近实际经验的生命。托尔斯泰他们的阴谋总是基于实物集作者的生活。托尔斯泰只是他们包布自己的理想、哲学和道德上的。作者不打乱了他们形成今天的现实。“我试着去写…只是从我的心》,托尔斯泰说。
在1880年中期利奥·s重要精密件产生的小说,如短篇小说伊凡Ilich死亡,与主人的人,反映他的宗教、社会、哲学思想。这些作品的英雄被迫重新审视他们的生活和价值观在面临死亡。
一个男人在《死亡伊凡Ilich”在大家关注的焦点,他打破了破旧的传统社会。这部小说具有特点的可悲的闹剧。犯了许多的人物的愚蠢的行为,不知道意义。伊万达Ilich不知道他是一个性格的小说。他不知道他应该去死。紧张使读者跟随他的生命线。探讨的主题,这的确很迷人的读者的注意力。孤独,命运的必然性、死亡,失败的婚姻,虚伪,上帝…那是短期的名单作者的思想。作者,只是精干的小说,这种哲学,所以任何的话语和思想有意义。
就像尼采的哲学的思想。托尔斯泰他打算死亡的必然性很相像。但是差异出现在伊万Ilich事实从来没有想到死亡之前。他注意到它只在她敲他的门。非正式的应用实例"凯- - - - - -是一个人类,人类是致命的,所以凯终有一死”,似乎只对正确凯。他做的任何事情都是徒劳的,死亡不会把它的高。哦,他的死的口号变成了“这么可怕,所以傻里傻气。他会失去他的生命试图装饰大厅。那是可悲的闹剧伊凡Ilich的生命。
孤独! ! !这个词的世界Ilich穿透伊万,一旦他会生病。他重新开始自己的生活,没有人知道他喜欢,没有人爱他。他的同事们不关心他,甚至死后没有想到过发生。遗憾那里的思想远离同情、下沉的深刻的“掠夺者”的猜测。他意识到他没有朋友,没有的。而且远他跳进了疾病,更清楚的意识到自己讨厌每个人,他恨他的妻子、女儿,医生不能医治他,他生命本身。只有两人是不同的多。他们是他的小儿子,谁会真的似乎爱他,Grasim——一个仆人。#p#分页标题#e#
When we mention the name of Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy, everybody recalls his monumental works, “War and Peace”, “Anna Karenina”, though all the life Tolstoy wrote short stories and novels.
Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy, indeed one of the world’s greatest novelists. His writings profoundly influenced much of 20th-century literature. Tolstoy achieved great literary fame during his lifetime, both in Russia and abroad. Literary realism perhaps reached its peak in Tolstoy’s novels, but it is his penetrating psychological analysis that has had profound influence on later literature. Short stories and novels precede epos; pave the way to the novels, made reader acquainted with the deep philosophical and esthetical world of the author. Short stories and novels are more close to the real experience of the Tolstoy’s life. Their plots are always based on the real episode of the author’s life. Tolstoy just wrapped them into the cloth of his own ideals, philosophy and moral. The author shaped them without distorting much the present day reality. “I… tried to write just from my heart”, said Tolstoy.
In the mid-1880s Leo Nikolayevich produced powerful and sophisticated pieces of fiction, such as the short novels The Death of Ivan Ilich, and Master and Man, which reflect his religious, social and philosophical ideas. The heroes of these works are forced to re-examine their lives and values when they face death.
A man in the novel “The Death of Ivan Ilich” is in the centre of attention, he breaks the shabby traditions of his society. The novel possesses the features of the tragic farce. The characters commit a lot of senseless deeds, without realizing the significance. Ivan Ilich doesn’t know tat he is a character of the novel. He doesn’t realize he is supposed to die. That makes the reader tensely follow his lifeline. Author explores themes, which are really fascinating reader’s attention. Solitude, fate, inevitability of death, failure of marriage, hypocrisy, god… That is the short list of the author’s ideas. Author, just staffed the novel with such philosophy, so any word and thought has sense.
The philosophy of Tolstoy resembles Nietzsche’s ideas. He contemplates inevitability of death very much alike. But the difference appears in the fact that Ivan Ilich never thought of death before. He noticed it just in time she knocked at his door. And the example of syllogism “Kay – is a human, humans are mortal, so Kay is mortal”, seemed correct just against Kay. Everything he does is in vain; death will anyway take its tall. The slogan oh his death becomes “So horrible and so silly”. He lost his life trying to decorate the hall. That is the tragic farce of Ivan Ilich’s life.
Solitude!!! This word penetrates the world of Ivan Ilich, as soon as he gets ill. He re-examines his life and begins to understand that he loves nobody and nobody loves him. His colleagues are indifferent to him, even after the death no thought of regret occurs to them. There thoughts are far from sympathy, sinking deeply in the predator’s speculations. He realizes that he has no friends and never had. Moreover the far he plunged into the illness, the clearer he realized that he hates everyone, he hates his wife, daughter, doctors who can’t heal him and he life itself. Only two people differ much. They are his little son, who really appears to love him and Grasim – a servant.#p#分页标题#e#
Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy always had a special opinion concerning family and religion. All the family life of Ivan Ilich was penetrated with lies, falsity and hypocrisy. Tolstoy explores the idea of groundlessness of the marriage typical of that time. The fact that the central character never loved his wife seems just obvious in the society, is unacceptable to the author, and the hate that Ivan Ilich feels to his wife is easily explained, by describing her behavior. She wares that false mask of the careful and anxious wife, but really she doesn’t care of nothing except her dressing.
On his death bed Ivan Ilich understands that all his life was empty and senseless, however he did everything right! He tried to live a successful life of a mundane person and worthy representative of the society he lives in. He always wanted to live as all normal people. He always was an example of worthy honest and descent person. Did nothing wrong. But anyway the only his reflections which came to his mind were related to his childhood.
Tolstoy, gradually displays a full sense of the tragic and at the same time comic metaphor of the life. The life of Ivan Ilich is court. The sides of “defense” and “prosecution”. He was a judge himself and used to pronounce sentences. And once he noticed that doctor treats him like a judge. “Everything was just the same way as in court”. This parallel goes deep into the novel. He was accused this time. And this is an unusual situation he has to deal with. “The judge is coming, the judge is coming, - repeated he! But I’m not guilty! Why?” And he heard this scream a lot of times in the court.
And finally, if the life of Ivan Ilich was empty, his death is full of deep sense. The alienation of the person in his own society, suddenly realized solitude, and the feeling of leading a fast and senseless life – all are the greatest psychological foundations of Tolstoy. Who was the first one who showed the critical turning point of one’s life, when the life is reevaluated.
This book is an exposure of everything society says is important - wealth, stability, reputation, family. It is a challenge to all who would die well, to make the most of the little time we have and live a life that counts, a life that has sense, a life that is real. No writer has ever depicted the human psychology more brilliantly than Leo Tolstoy. His detailed examinations of motive and emotion speak to us across years and cultural barriers because of the universality of his themes.
References:
1. Leo Tolstoy. THE DEATH OF IVAN ILYCH. New York:Blue Unicorn Editions, 2001.
2. Hugh McLean (Afterword), Leo Tolstoy. The Death of Ivan Ilych And Other Stories. Chicago: Signet Classics, 2003.
3.http://www.ukassignment.org/ Leo Tolstoy, Robert Blaisdell. Tolstoy As Teacher: Leo Tolstoy’s Writings on Education New York: Teachers & Writers Collaborative, 2000.
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