女性消费水平论文The purchasing power of the female_Essay格式范文_ESSAY

美国

America

如今倾向于面向客户的营销行为是为了更大的市场份额,该公司必须了解顾客的心理,建立自己的营销策略,根据消费者的需求制定不同的方案。因此公司可以采取更多的市场机会和利润保持竞争的优势。社会营销是让创意在消费者而不是卖东西。

Nowadays, marketing behaviors tend to customer- oriented. In order to take bigger market share, the company must understand the psychology of customers; establish its own marketing strategies which based on the demand of consumers. Therefore, the company can take more market opportunities and profits, then hold the advantages in the competition. Social marketing involves getting ideas across to consumers rather than selling something。

女性消费者比以往任何时候都更强大，女性作为消费者在市场上可以放大自己的想法。他们的购买决策和口碑推荐可以对当地产生广泛的影响,区域和国家的企业不能被忽略。如果你想吸引游客,记住女人大部分决策权在规划家庭的成本。女性根据自身情况做出战略决策和协作,仔细考虑的数据包括价格,价值,专家和消费者评论,考虑配偶和家庭偏好女性绝对的主要决策者时日常生活计划的成本。女性为家庭做重大决策成本和会与他人分享他们的建议。 http://www.ukassignment.org/essayfw/

Female consumers are more powerful than ever Women serve as consumers, broadcasters and amplifiers of ideas in the marketplace. Their purchasing decisions and word-of-mouth recommendations have wide-ranging implications for local, regional and national businesses that simply cannot be ignored. If you're trying to attract visitors, remember that women have most of the decision-making power when it comes to planning family costs. Women make strategic decisions based on information and collaboration, carefully considering a wide range of data including price, value, expert and consumer reviews, spousal considerations and family preferences Women are definitely the primary decision-makers when it comes to planning costs on daily life.Women tend to make major decisions for family costs and to share their recommendations with others.

The Women, Power & Money Study reports women tend to share positive recommendations far more than negative critiques. More than 33 percent of women surveyed recommended a product or service in the past six months, compared to 19 percent who recommended that someone not buy a specific product or service. Similarly, 16 percent of women surveyed praised about a product or service on an online social networking site, compared to only 11 percent who used the forum to vent their frustrations about bad products or services. In most American households, women are the agenda setters and family visionaries. Their leadership style is constantly evolving, becoming more powerful than ever in today's marketplace. Attracting more female shoppers has been key to our success .The working mother is the lens through which we view everything we do because she's the most time-starved and the most demanding customer. If you create retail environments that please women, you get everyone else in the process.

Women are progressively becoming the biggest investors in Kenya's mid-market real estate with female buyers making up 62% of the purchases at the Casa Mia property development, situated 45 minutes from Nairobi's CBD. This is evidence of a trend that has seen the buying power of female consumers increasing in Africa.

Real estate sales in Casa Mia have been dominated by single female buyers. The homes are designed to attract upcoming professionals and young families at an entry price of KSh5.25m (US$62,278) with prices predicted to increase by 30% over the next two years. Female buyers are emerging in quite extraordinary numbers in this property class . Most have done their research, and know exactly the kind of house they would like to invest in.

This growth in female property buyers has been seen globally since the late 1990s, as women are increasingly able to invest their money in property. South Africa's Standard Bank found that, between 2000 and 2005, women buying property increased by 9% to 37% of all buyers in the country.

But Kenyan women seem to be ahead of the game as their socio-economic status continues to rise in the country. According to the Institute of Economic Affairs, women now run 54% of the country's enterprises.

Africa

The rise of the female consumer

African women are becoming more independent and moving further away from their traditional stereotypical roles. More and more women are earning their own money and supporting families, according to Daphne Kasriel-Alexander, consumers editor at Euromonito r International.

According to Carat SA's 2011 research, affluent, single women have become a significant consumer segment in South Africa. Between the ages of 18 and 44 years, 73% of women are single with 66% of them working. Out of the 73% single women, 51% believe that their career is more important than starting a family. In many countries there is a trend towards working women opting to postpone having children, or choosing to have fewer children, in order to advance their career. This has been seen in countries such as Nigeria where birth and fertility rates have declined in recent years.

While African men still have more than double the disposable income that women have, the group of female middle-class consumers is definitely on the rise。This has paralleled with the development of the formal retailing sector in Africa and the construction of modern shopping malls that offer convenient, easy shopping for customers.The rising middle class has meant that convenience has become important for modern time-stripped consumers, with women in Africa enjoying the mall culture, while wanting instant access to information and technology and staying connected via social networking and mobile phone technology。

While the e-commerce culture is only just starting to take off in Africa, women are turning to online shopping, especially online group buying. Group buying offers products at a reduced rate when a minimum number of buyers make a purchase. In Kenya, online companies such as Rupu and Mocality have received significant attention in women-interest items such as clothing and dinner packages。

Sub-Saharan Africa has seen the entry and expansion of fashion retailers in various countries. In 2011 Spanish fashion retailer Zara entered South Africa. This year Gap also opened two stores in South Africa. How we made it in Africa has previously reported that European fashion chain Mango aims to have a presence in each of Nigeria's major cities. Mango opened its first outlet in Lagos in December 2009.

Woolworths and the Foschini Group - both South African fashion retailers - are also expanding their footprint in Africa. In an effort to take advantage of the rising group of African female consumers, Woolworths aims to double their number of stores outside of South Africa by 2014 and the Foschini Group plans to add 57 more stores in other African countries over the next three years.

China

China Daily website news: men are generally considered to be the mainstream of high-tech electronic products consumers, however, according to the American consumer electronics association and market research report on a survey of the specialized agencies pointed out that the electronic products in the American market consumption amount $96 billion last year, the female consumption high of $55 billion, more than half. Report pointed out that at the same time, in the electronic product purchase female participation in decision-making was achieved 75%, the purchasing power of women gradually rising, more and more manufacturers against women also began to research and development and marketing related products, in order to win the female consumers' heart.

In flat-panel television, for example, due to the flat TV appearance, design aesthetic feeling, a great woman heart, therefore also boosted the American family flat TV upsurge of purchase. A major cause of the wheel flat TV buying climax is not coming from the "need", but due to "own" mentality, and this kind of attitude is also due to the leading role of the female consumers. According to the survey shows that in the purchase value, which not flat TV, 42% of consumers is thin body, design lines can fusion family decoration TV appearance factors such as driven. Chains senior personage points out, the sale of electronic products "in the past to home put quite a big TV with women, because of the high flat TV for style of life, without any complaint".

Although women has become a leading electronic equipment purchase of leading role, businesses at present, the steps of also more slowly. Nearly three-quarters of women complain, when purchasing a product of science and technology is often sales people ignored, 40% of women said that if a male company, they can get a better service. Only nearly 1% of women also think manufacturer in the research and development new products when they consider their needs.

Facing the great business opportunity, responsibility of the manufacturer can be in the fierce competition in the top, some manufacturers have began to change strategy, research and related products for women. Sharp in Japan two years ago began to redesign its flat TV, increase the product's smooth and soft feeling. American retailers also started to pay attention to the coming of the era of women consumption, such as in the store to decorate a domain, in the decoration of the house home and subdued color won female consumers' heart

Why Chinese people keen to Europe and the United States consumer luxury foreign prices? China's prices are really expensive? Yang cheng evening news reporter visits many this year, all the purchasing power of investigation for you. Domestic clothing sign price rose five percent in three years.

Near the New Year, clothing market in guangzhou to reviving promotion, consumers don't discount not buy now, and there is no fifty percent or lower discount to impress consumers. Why this year's clothing consumption market will be at the "fifty percent" phenomenon now? Since 2010, the sign that brand clothing prices have risen by about 50%, and the purchasing power of people did not see, and even the decline. According to our statistics of clothing brand, since this year compared with 2010 people purchasing power decline about half. Through the guangzhou international shopping festival, guangzhou each big businessman to give a discount shower again.

Only two times a year all fifty percent of ring road east of guangzhou friendship with fifty percent discount again. Acquired satisfying shop in department stores also hit his five fold over the weekend and fashionable department store of clothing is marked 1 to 5 fold sales promotion advertising.

But into the market, all kinds of garment price is surprisingly high, rough statistics guangzhou five department of 40, the original value of the brand clothing in four digits. Miss hsu said: "these two years rising food, clothing I have been buying a brand from 2010 after yuan a coat, to the present 1000 yuan, if not a fifty percent discount, I don't buy."

According to the national commercial information center o began to redesign its flat TV, increase the product's smooth and soft feeling. American retailers also started to pay attention to the coming of the era of women consumption, such as in the store to decorate a domain, in the decoration of the house home and subdued color won female consumers' heart

According to the national commercial information centeronly $302.67, cheaper than in China at least 35% or more. 4 bottles of clinique care products are also the basis of only $156.78, even receive Yang cheng evening news reporter's Lionel messi (MACY) department assistant can't help but ask: "excuse me, Chinese people are very like the clinique brand? Come to our counter to buy products, and many are thousands of yuan to buy it." In fact, she is just not clear, this brand is much cheaper than domestic.

Americans often cried out, "that IN CHINA," the things that they lose their jobs, but their daily life and can't leave the good and cheap "MADE IN CHINA". With a pair of comfortable and stylish shoes of light SPIRIT as an example, the special price only $15.83, and the domestic similar homebred brand shoes at least RMB 300-500. And America positioning for the mass product of Levi 's jeans, Nike sports shoes, Victoria's secret underwear, one to domestic has become a luxury. "Before and after Christmas, black Friday, things cheaper." Living in the city of New York Chinese small ZhuTan, every now and she is a good time to "shopping". If you go to the outskirts of outlets, that it is a shopper's paradise, almost nobody back empty-handed.

What can buy in the United States with one dollar ? Except in the streets of New York lucky to buy a hot dog, or half a pound cherry, can in a called "MAO 9 September supermarket (99 cents have store)" chain in the company to buy basic food, daily necessities, such as festival gifts, covering the basic life need, price is much higher than China's "two shop".

Shopping, New York life the most expensive way to house, just bought a house one hundred - year - old monomer three layers with small garden villas, Chinese miss li said to buy plus renovation and tax only about $600000, 10 minutes walking distance to subway station, "if the Manhattan of guangzhou pearl river new city area, so I here is equivalent to hai binjiang road area." Living in guangzhou for ten years, she said "our car can be stopped at the door outside, do not need to parking."

Convenient subway in New York for just two dollars can be understanding, but people travel by bus, second-hand car is cheaper for the Chinese I can't believe it. "We spent $7000, bought a new vehicle-timeses lexus car." Xiao zhu sigh, "a friend of mine spent $2200, he bought a 1998 Toyota corolla." In New York, in addition to the Manhattan some let a person cannot accept high price designated parking lot, in fact, most people choose to park your car on the roadside, because it is free of charge. But the side of the road there are points single number or designated one day can't stop, otherwise will be fined the dollars.

Data show that the United States in 2010 per capita income is about $50000, equivalent to RMB 320000 yuan.

India : a movie just 14 yuan (1 yuan = 8.8318 the rupee)

In India, the social division of labor is very clear. In an intermediate brand clothing store, often can see there are four employees, a security guard or gate, specifically responsible for the customer to open the door, the second is responsible for the folding clothes, the third is shop assistant.

These four people each doing his own job, such as the person in charge of folding clothes can't drive, and shop assistant don't disturb the clothes needs to be sorted out by the customer.

Due to division of labor is very clear, therefore, in the Indian capital new Delhi, high-end technology talent and low-end labor income gap is very big. If it is bottom income groups, such as doormen, cleaners, baggage handlers, their income less than 1000 yuan a month. And the driver, guide the lower in the crowd, monthly income is about 1500 yuan RMB. Electric welder, the technical type of work, in India belong to medium income, monthly income is about RMB 3000 yuan to 4000 yuan. Software engineers, doctors, lawyers, engineers, in India the highest status, income is in 6000 yuan of above, generally of higher level or even go to 30000 yuan of above.

From all levels of income level, similar with China, but the price is much cheaper than China.

According to India's Chinese students WuShunMian to Yang cheng evening news reporter, India is a densely populated country, the train network almost reach every corner in India, the price is cheap. Edition 1000 kilometers, 12 hours of the train, the highest level of the price about 200 yuan RMB, the air conditioning carriage charge RMB 100. If only buy a sleeper without air conditioning, only $35. In addition to the hard seat and a minimum of have no air conditioning, is cheaper. In new Delhi and a taxi is not expensive. The most expensive taxi one kilometer only 25 the rupee, is about 2.8 yuan RMB. That is, 10 km journey, in guangzhou a taxi will take 30 yuan, but also is only 28 yuan in new Delhi.

Consumer goods also cheap in India. As long as the largest supermarket chain in India Big Bazzar around in a circle, you will find, a 375 ml of matt wire shampoo, just 239 Indian rupees, converted into RMB about 27. This price can only buy the same brand in China but only 200 ml of shampoo. A box of 300 g fee listed LuoZhen fruit chocolate only 545 Indian rupees, equal to about 62 yuan. And the same specifications of the price in China is about 109 yuan.

India is famous for bollywood movies, see a film in mumbai is not expensive. "Batman: the dark knight rise of the price for 120 Indian rupees, equivalent to about 14 yuan, even in holidays, the fare is only 20 yuan. Even a 3 d movie "fantasy drift of young pie, ticket price is only 300 Indian rupees, equivalent to RMB 34.

If you would like to ask you in India? Answer and China, as well as a house. In mumbai rent a more than 20 square meters of small houses, may be need 2000 yuan RMB.

Japan: one of the highest prices (1 yuan = 13.5127 yen)

It is well known that Japan is one of the highest prices around the world, and Tokyo is one of the prices the most expensive city in the world. Howard rich in Tokyo a food company work for 15 years. According to he Yang cheng evening news reporter, Japan graduates yearly salary is about 2.4 million yen, equal to about 180000 yuan. This rich and fifteen years ago Howard just enter the company almost no change. And the Japanese compensation and fixed number of year of directly related work. Work for 15 years, with the increase of qualifications, Howard rich salary has risen to 900-10 million yen, equivalent to 70-800000 yuan RMB.

If the salary is high income in China, in Japan, however, Howard rich and didn't feel like a "GaoFu handsome". First of all, his wife at home raising two sons, and there is no work, Howard's salary is rich family the only source of income. What's more, Japan's high prices, let Howard rich salary sell at a discount greatly.

In Tokyo a central part of the square meters of house prices to more than ten thousand yuan. In about 1 hour drive from downtown satellite area of average house prices also need 3-50000 yuan a square meters.

Due to transportation costs is expensive, the subway become the Japanese travel preferred means of transportation. But Japan's metro ticket price 160 yen, converted into RMB about 11. And Tokyo taxi fare is 660 yen (within 2 km), the night will increase. Such as 10 km journey, take a taxi will be nearly 3000 yen, equivalent to RMB 222 yuan.

Moscow: global index of life's most expensive cities (1 RMB we five rubles)

In early July this year, we follow visit China manufacturing reporter

came to Moscow. The Europe's largest city with a history of more than 800 years, had been living for several consecutive years was named global index's most expensive cities. Reporter in Moscow the interview a few days also deeply feel it.

Russia is very expensive, and 1 yuan is about five roubles, but basically can't buy everything. A regular cup of coffee to 500 roubles (RMB 100), four people to eata meal relatively high-grade rice to 6000 roubles (RMB 1200). A bottle of coke (cans) about 50 roubles. Wear: a bit better clothes is also very expensive, basic can't afford to buy high-grade dress in the shop people, mostly chosen market (similar to domestic stall or shop).

Prices: non - city, which is equivalent to Beijing five rings outside the house, about $5000 / ㎡, namely 30000 yuan / ㎡, rent a house in the city, the cheapest apartment will be a $1000, to a few people close hire, otherwise it is hard to bear. Electricity such as spending a month in 6000 roubles, equivalent to RMB 1200 yuan. Moscow subway is very developed, but Moscow many car, because the energy superpower, but on oil prices cheaper than domestic, like oil, 95, 97 (equivalent to domestic oil), when rubles/liter, 28.9 is the price of less than 6 yuan, cheaper than domestic.

Income: Moscow around $1000 - $1500 per capita income, the undergraduate of strong finish school it's hard to find a job, because many companies are experienced, please. Have no experience of college students, what kind of work do including McDonald's waiter, a month ten thousand roubles also do, life is very hard.

References: G. Alonso, D. Agrawal, A. El Abbadi, and C. Mohan. Functionalities and Limitations of Current Workflow Management Systems. Technical report, IBM Almaden Research Center, 1997. To appear in IEEE Expert.