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1）根据保琳·凯尔的说法，玛丽莲·梦露的角色鼓励两种有问题的反应。首先，她鼓励读者阅读卡通化的性意象中的女性，这是荒诞的（不人道的）。第二，门罗鼓励嘲笑那些以这种方式表现自己软弱和愚蠢的女人。你认为凯尔的论点对我们如何理解当今娱乐业女性的形象很有说服力吗？这种理解是否渗透到我们自己生活的形象中？
1) According to Pauline Kael the persona of Marilyn Monroe encouraged two problematic responses. First, she encouraged a reading of woman in cartoonish sexual imagery that was grotestque (inhuman). Second, Monroe encouraged the mockery of women who present themselves in this way as weak and foolish. Do you think Kael's arguments are powerful in how we understand the image of women working in the entertainment business today and does this understanding permeate into the image of our own lives?
2）反思女权主义与后女权主义的争论。你站在哪一边，你对反对意见的批评有什么看法？
2) Reflect on the debate between feminism and post-feminism. Which side are you on and how do you feel about the criticisms made by the opposing view?
3）你认为作为一名色情舞者工作可以被理解为妇女解放的一种形式，还是它代表着对妇女的持续压迫和在社会中保持男性主导地位？对女人来说，男人如何感知她的性特征是否重要？鉴于这种表达在男性文化中得到验证和庆祝的方式，女性如何拥有自己的性表达？
3) Do you believe that working as an erotic dancer can be understood as a form of women’s liberation or is it representative of the continued oppression of women and the maintenance of a male dominant basis in society? Should it matter to a woman how a man perceives her sexual characteristics? How are women to own their own sexual expression given the ways this expression is validated and celebrated in male culture?
4）在你看来，性工作在加拿大社会是完全合法的还是完全非法的？你认为在我们的社会中，对在这一行业中找到工作的妇女仍然有一个耻辱吗？它是像其他人一样工作，还是有什么关于性的东西让它与众不同？4) Should, in your view, sex work be completely legal or completely illegal in Canadian society? Do you think there is still a stigma in our society against women who find employment in this trade? Is it just work like any other or is there something about sexuality that makes it different?
1) Reflect on the debate between feminism and post-feminism. Which side are you on and how do you feel about the criticisms made by the opposing view?
Gender equality that traditional feminism advocates is that female is equal to male, they take the male as the standard to require the female, the female and the male are the same, using this to measure the equality between men and women (Mackie, 1998). Post-feminism puts forward a new concept of equality between men and women, it recognizes the differences between men and women, not only advocating pluralism to eliminate male center, but also going against taking women as the center to construct female subjects, it aims to achieve women's liberation and equality between men and women to promote the harmony development of two genders (Gamble, 1999). The former advocates drastic change, through the subversion and dissolution of male power to achieve their own goals; while the latter advocates raising the gender consciousness of all women to achieve their goals.
I agree with post-feminism more, as it abandons the early feminist biases and the radical political advocacy and practice of subverting male power. It advocates the popularization and improvement of women's gender consciousness through education, strengthening women's social gender consciousness to promote women's social status step by step, which contributes to the harmonious development of both genders.
One of the most criticisms made by the opposing view towards post-feminism is that post-feminism is too moderate and it lacks struggle (Mackie, 1998). It emphasizes the differences between men and women, but pays less attention to the opposition, competition, and conflict between men and women. In my opinion, the phenomenon of gender inequality arising from male hegemony still exists in reality, the guidance of post-feminism theory for women on how to safeguard their rights and resist male hegemony is limited.
My interpretation of this is that to acquire true equality, women should on the one hand have gender consciousness, understanding gender differences, on the other hand, women need to have the ability and consciousness to revolt against male hegemony. Having gender consciousness is the prerequisite for women to take rational and gentle resistance to male hegemony. The flaw of feminism in the past is biased and radical to go against male hegemony, and post-feminism just makes up for this shortcoming. In this sense, post-feminism is not advocating abandonment of female resistance to male hegemony, but rather to encourage and guide women through access to education, creating women's discourse, etc. to obtain female power and have resistance to male oppression, and then getting equality between men and women. Compared with the traditional theory of feminism, post-feminist theory is a more rational, gentle and effective theory for pursuit of equality between men and women.
References
Gamble, S. (1999). The Routledge Company to feminism and post-feminism. London: Routledge.
Mackie, V. (1998). Dialogue, distance and difference: feminism in contemporary Japan. Women's Studies International Forum, 21(6), 599-615.
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