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本文是文化研究专业的留学生Essay范例，题目是“Italian Immigration to Canada(意大利人移民加拿大）”，加拿大的东南海岸是在1947年6月24日被一个名叫约翰·卡伯特的意大利探险家发现的。约翰·卡伯特是第一位对意大利人移民加拿大做出贡献的有影响力的意大利人。卡伯特是意大利的航海家和探险家。1497年5月，卡伯特向西出发去探索他所认为的亚洲。他从英国的布里斯托尔航行到加拿大东部。登陆地点尚不清楚，但研究表明，他可能在1947年6月登陆纽芬兰、布雷顿角岛或南拉布拉多岛。卡伯特占领了这片土地，并命名了一些地区。他回到布里斯托尔并报告了他的发现。当卡伯特开始第二次横渡大西洋的航行时，他遭遇了命运。卡伯特不仅为英国在加拿大的领土主张奠定了基础，这些远征也证明了穿越北大西洋的捷径。这使得英国殖民地帮助他们在加拿大建立。他是第一个意大利人，也是第一批到加拿大定居的欧洲人之一。 Canada’s Southeast coast was discovered on June 24th, 1947 by an Italian explorer named John Cabot. John Cabot is the first influential Italian who contributed to Italians immigration to Canada. Cabot was an Italian navigator and explorer. In May of 1497 Cabot set out West to explore what he thought was Asia. He sailed from Bristol, England to Eastern Canada. The landfall is unknown, but studies show that he could have landed in Newfoundland, Cape Breton Island or Southern Labrador in June of 1947. Cabot took possession of the land and named a few areas. He returned to Bristol and reported his findings. Cabot met his fate when he set out for his second voyage across the Atlantic. Cabot not only established the groundwork for British land claims in Canada, these expeditions proved a shorter route across the Northern Atlantic Ocean. This allowed the British Colony to facilitate their establishment in Canada. He was the first Italian, and among the first Europeans to have visited and settled in Canada.
There was a mass migration of Italians to Canada between 1870-1970 as a part of the Italian Diaspora. Due to the poor Italian economy, many people immigrated to Canada in search for work and a new start. This migration lasted over a century with immigrants settling mostly in Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Over 60,000 Italians immigrated to Canada between 1900 and 1930 for inexpensive labour with Canadian industries. Canada needed workers for construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway and the Canadian National Railway, bringing in thousands of Italians for seasonal labour. The majority of these labourers ended up settling in Canada, establishing many small Italian communities known as “Little Italy’s”. Approximately 40,000 Italians migrated to Canada during the interwar period from 1924-1947, due to economic depression. Canada’s economy started to decline in 1930 and the government implemented strict regulations on immigrants. Approximately 31,000 Italian Canadians were classified as “enemy aliens” under the War Measures Act. Between 1940-1943 over 600 Italian Canadians were arrested and sent to internment camps. Mussolini was the Fascist leader in Italy during this time; Canada feared Italians were potentially dangerous enemy aliens who supported fascism and Mussolini’s leadership. After the Second World War, in the late 1940s, the “enemy aliens” list was abolished.
As Italians continued to immigrate to Canada, they faced many difficulties and hardships adjusting Canadian’s lifestyle. In 1952, Italian Canadians established Italian Immigrant Aid Society to assist the immigration transition from Italy to Canada. By the 1960s, more than 15,000 Italian men were working in Toronto Construction industry. 随着意大利人不断移民加拿大，他们面临着调整加拿大生活方式的诸多困难。1952年，意大利加拿大人成立了意大利移民援助协会，帮助意大利移民过渡到加拿大。到20世纪60年代，有超过15000名意大利人在多伦多建筑业工作。
Immigration has slowed down in the past century. According to the most resent census conducted by Stats Canada, the population of Italians by mother tongue in Canada is 375,640 as of 2016. This has dropped from 455,040 in 2006. Italy ranked 8th in the top 20 ethnic origins in Canada.
In 2011, 67% of Italian immigrants resided in Ontario. There was a population of 105,060 in Toronto, making Italians the fourth largest foreign-born group in the Greater Toronto Area. 22% resided in Quebec, 6% in British Columbia, and 3% in Alberta. 2011年，67%的意大利移民居住在安大略。多伦多有105,060人，使意大利人成为大多伦多地区第四大外国出生群体。22%居住在魁北克，6%居住在不列颠哥伦比亚省，3%居住在阿尔伯塔省。
From 2006-2015 there were a total of 4,714 new Italian permanent residences in Canada. This number is continuously increasing each year. In 2006 there were 325 new permanent residences from Italy in Canada; in 2015 there were 831.
Selected places of birth for the Italian population in private households: Toronto – 45,515 Canada – 236,640 Italian spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents: Toronto – 27,130 Canada – 115,415 Total Mother Tongue for the Italian population excluding institutional residents: Toronto – 62,640 Canada – 375,635
Canada has its own Italian Canadian Sports Federation. This is an Italian soccer federation that develops players, coaches, and referees. It was founded to bring together the Italian community through soccer. ICSF hosts an annual tournament with over 50 teams. 加拿大有自己的意大利加拿大体育联合会。这是一个培养球员、教练和裁判的意大利足球联盟。它的成立是为了通过足球把意大利社区团结在一起。ICSF主办有超过50支球队的年度锦标赛。
Football is Italy’s most popular sport. Italy won the world cup in 2016 and has one of the best soccer teams in World Cup history, winning a total of four cups. Italy has it’s own professional soccer league, Italian Serie A, and they host their own Italian football annual cup competition called Coppa Italia. Serie A has dominant teams who play in UEFA Champions League, including: Juventus F.C., Inter Milan, and S.S.C. Napoli.
Bicycling is another popular sport, with Italians winning more World Cycling Championships than any other country, aside from Belgium. They host the Giro d’Italia, which is one of the three Grand Tours held every May. 骑自行车是另一项受欢迎的运动，意大利是除比利时以外赢得世界自行车锦标赛最多的国家。他们主办了意大利转账旅游，这是每年5月举行的三大旅游之一。
Italy has hosted the 1956 Winter Olympics, 1960 Summer Olympic, and most recently, the 2016 Winter Olympics in Torino.
Other popular sports include rugby, volleyball, and basketball. They are also well known for skiing, hiking, and swimming.
Italy is considered as a high-context culture. They emphasize their speech with physical cues and tend to be direct communicators; explanations aren’t needed as often as other cultures like the United States, where they tend to be low-context with specific, analytical, verbal communication. Italians tend to be bold and open with their emotions when communicating; they are eager to give their opinion and advice. Non-verbal cues include standing within close proximity during conversation. They are tactile and affectionate towards one another. 意大利被认为是一个高语境文化。他们通过肢体暗示来强调自己的语言，倾向于直接交流;美国等其他文化不需要解释，因为他们倾向于使用低语境的具体、分析性的语言交流。意大利人在交流时倾向于大胆、坦率地表达自己的情感;他们渴望给出自己的意见和建议。非语言暗示包括在交谈中站得离得很近。他们对彼此有亲切感和感情。
Family is an extremely important value in Italian culture. They have many family gatherings and enjoy spending time with each other; this is generally the base of their social circles and networks. Parents tend to have a lot of authority on their children, maintaining their respect throughout their childhood. Italians have one of the highest percentages in Europe of children moving out at an older age. These families are very tight knit with deep connection and dedication towards each other. Parents raise and support their children as they grow up, and they expect to receive the same dedication and assistance from their children as they grow older.
Italians are well known for their cuisine and eating habits; many consider Italian cuisine an art. Italian cuisine has influenced the food culture around the world and is seen as a way of life. Family gatherings are centered around food and entertainment. Each geographical region uses different styles of cuisine. Meals generally consist of wine, cheese, and many different kinds of pasta. 390/5000 意大利人以他们的烹饪和饮食习惯而闻名;许多人认为意大利菜是一门艺术。意大利菜影响了世界各地的饮食文化，并被视为一种生活方式。家庭聚会以食物和娱乐为中心。每个地区都有不同的烹饪风格。餐点通常包括葡萄酒、奶酪和许多不同种类的意大利面。
Roman Catholicism is the major Italian religion. Italians celebrate most Christian holidays. They celebrate what’s called “Pasquetta” the Monday after Easter to mark the beginning of springtime. They also celebrate Saints day on November 1st, a religious holiday which family will visit and decorate the graves of loved ones who have passed away. Liberation Day is celebrated on April 25th, marking the end of World War II in Italy in 1945.
Italians have had an impact on Canada, from John Cabot discovering the Southeast coast of Canada and establishing an easy route across the Northern Atlantic Ocean, to Italian communities contributing to Canada’s diverse culture; popularizing Italian cuisine and increasing the fan base of European Football.
Today, Italians are successful in Canadian society. Contributing to our economic growth as strong business men, skilled professionals, innovators, and artists. Canadians must embrace the Italian culture as it flourishes in major cities such as Montreal and Toronto. Italians were an important asset to Canada’s growth and helped shaped the country we are today. Italian culture will live on forever in Canada. 今天，意大利人在加拿大社会很成功。作为强大的商人、专业人士、创新者和艺术家为我们的经济增长做出贡献。加拿大人必须接受意大利文化，因为意大利文化在蒙特利尔和多伦多等大城市蓬勃发展。意大利人是加拿大经济增长的重要资产，帮助塑造了我们今天的国家。意大利文化将永远存在于加拿大。 留学生专业相关专业范文素材资料，尽在本网，可以随时查阅参考。本站也提供多国留学生课程作业写作指导服务，如有需要可咨询本平台。 |
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