留学生作业：5g无人驾驶创业计划

1.0 Environment and industrial analysis

近年来，自主汽车技术发展迅速。为了支持企业开展自主汽车的研发和试验，许多发达国家都修订了行业内的相关法律法规。总的来说，西方国家在法律原则上逐渐承认了自主汽车的法律地位。此外，中国政府还决定出台政策支持自主汽车技术。Chow（2018）指出，中国政府规定，到2020年，售出的新车中一半必须具备全部或部分自主功能。2017年，北京市政府出台政策，允许自动驾驶车辆在封闭区域内通过测试后，在城市道路上行驶。受北京市政府的影响，越来越多的地方政府将出台自主汽车政策，这可能有利于自主汽车的发展。
The autonomous vehicle technology has developed rapidly in recent years. Many developed countries have revised the related laws and regulations in the industry in order to support enterprises to conduct research and development and test of autonomous cars. In general, western countries have gradually recognized the legal status of autonomous vehicles in legal principles. In addition, Chinese government also decides to put forward policies to support autonomous vehicle technology. Chow (2018) points out that Chinese government regulates that by 2020 half of new cars sold must have full or partial autonomous functions. In 2017, Beijing government promotes policies to allow autonomous vehicles to be driven on the city’s road after they pass the test in a closed zone. Influenced by Beijing government, an increasing of local government will release policies about autonomous vehicles policies, which may be beneficial for the development of autonomous vehicles.

2.0 Organization plan组织计划 

5G无人驾驶系统由百度总部下属的百度无人驾驶部研发。金龙在制造和生产设备方面提供帮助，华为提供5G相关技术支持。这三家公司成立了合法的合资企业，每个公司的合作总投资为3亿美元，各占总股权的三分之一。公司建成后，为保证充足的流动资金，公司将发行股票并进行股权融资。一般来说，新成立的技术型企业大多是技术开发，即通过开发新技术来创造新的产品或服务，从而获得销售利润。初期注资后，后期资金投入会比较大。融资不仅可以为研发带来更多的资金，也是一种吸纳资源的方式，而且可以促进效果。三大股东将放弃部分企业的所有权，通过增资的方式引入新的股东融资方式。
The 5G driverless system is developed by Baidu's unmanned driving department affiliated to Baidu's head office. Jinlong provides assistance in manufacturing and production equipment, and Huawei provides 5G related technical support. These three companies set up legal joint ventures, and each has a total investment of Three hundred million to cooperate, each accounting for one-third of the total shareholding rights. After the company is built, in order to guarantee sufficient working capital, the company will issue shares and conduct equity financing. Generally speaking, newly established technology-based enterprises are mostly technology-developed, that is, through the development of new technologies to create new products or services, thereby making sales profit. After the initial capital injection, the late capital investment will be relatively large. Financing can not only bring more funds into research and development, but also a way of absorbing resources, but also can promote the effect. The three shareholders will give up the ownership of some enterprises and introduce new shareholders' financing methods through the way of capital increase.
 

The company's users are tourist passenger transport companies, tourist rental companies and tourist attractions. At present, there is a large demand for sightseeing cars, which has a larger market space. The expected sales are shown in Table 1.

table2：Pro Forma Income Statement

Cost of goods sold: In the first two years, the production cost is expected to be 66% of the sales revenue. As the process matures, the product line becomes clear and the production efficiency will gradually improve. With the increase of bargaining power with suppliers, it is expected that the production cost will be reduced to 55% of the sales revenue in the next three years.
Salaries: The annual wage growth rate of this enterprise will be set at 9%. It is expected to increase the number of employees in the fourth and fifth year.Insurance: It is divided into social insurance, property insurance and other insurances. Social insurance takes the total wages of enterprises as its tax base and Beijing's regulations as its standard. Among them, pension insurance is 19%, medical insurance is 10%, unemployment insurance is 0.8%, industrial injury insurance is 1%, maternity insurance is 0.8%, and the total is 31.6% (Beijing Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau 2019). Property insurance is calculated at 1% of the total fixed assets. Other premiums are 500,000 per year.
Business Taxes and Surcharges: Educational surcharge is calculated at 3% of VAT, urban maintenance and construction tax is calculated at 7% of VAT, and stamp tax is calculated at 0.03% of sales.
Depreciation: According to the company's specific conditions, the depreciation method adopts the straight-line method. The net residual value of fixed assets is 3% of the original value of fixed assets, the depreciation life of buildings is 20 years, and the depreciation life of equipment is 10 years.

3.4 Break-Even Analysis  

Accounts Payable: Accounts payable are money owed to the supplier, calculated at 25% of the cost of production.
Fixed Assets: Plant construction ¥800,000,000 + equipment ¥50,000,000