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导读：这是一篇教育学方向的essay范文，讨论了美国高等职业教育。美国是世界上高等教育国际化程度较高的国家，高等职业教育作为高等教育的一个重要组成部分，也不断走向国际化。美国高等职业教育国际化的一个特点是世界范围内高等职业教育市场的出现，世界各国对高等职业教育需求日益增长，尤其是发达国家，各国政府为满足这个需求而产生的财政预算和经费投入的难题，由互联网等新通讯技术发展而带来的种种机会，构成了一种新环境。 With the rapid development of economic globalization and information technology, the internationalization of education has become an inexorable trend, attracting the attention of all countries in the world. The United States is a country with a high degree of internationalization of higher education in the world. As an important part of higher education, higher professional education continues to go international. 随着经济全球化和信息技术的迅速发展，教育国际化已成为一种必然趋势，引起了世界各国的关注。美国是一个世界上高等教育国际化程度很高的国家。作为高等教育的重要组成部分，高等职业教育继续走向国际化。 Economic globalization aims at the global market and takes global informatization as the condition to make the countries of the world more and more interdependent in the market and life. Its radiation is multilayered: one is the internationalization of the product; Second, internationalization of production factors for production products, including internationalization of capital, labor force and technology; Third, the internationalization of production factors, the internationalization of labor production, namely education, especially education, the internationalization of labor circulation, namely the internationalization of labor market, the internationalization of technology production especially requires the internationalization of higher professional technology. 经济全球化以全球市场为目标，以全球信息化为条件，使世界各国在市场和生活中越来越相互依存。它的辐射是多层次的：一个是产品的国际化; 第二，生产产品生产要素的国际化，包括资本，劳动力和技术的国际化; 第三，生产要素的国际化，劳动生产的国际化，即教育，特别是教育，劳动力流通的国际化，即劳动力市场的国际化，技术生产的国际化尤其需要更高专业技术的国际化。 The oil crisis in the early 1970s and the subsequent severe economic recession in the United States brought a strong impact on the economic, political and social life of American society, making all walks of life in the United States begin to realize the importance of interdependence among countries. Such as Barbara prof bourne, points out, as in the past, today's international education is by the change of the international community and the United States in the relative position of the decision. These changes internationally include the increasing interdependence of all countries; New roles on the international scene; Increasing intercultural ties; America needs to continue learning from other countries. In this context, many education scholars in the United States began to explore how higher education copes with this changing environment. Education itself contains objective factors such as teachers, students and technology, which promote the internationalization of education. In the early 1990s, the U.S. government made higher career education an important strategy to revitalize the economy. Only by constantly innovating in knowledge and technology and staying at the top of professional technology, can teachers of higher vocational education continuously impart knowledge and technology, enrich their knowledge system and keep themselves at the forefront of professional technology. Students' thirst for knowledge and technology has no national boundaries, especially in the context of global economy, students are more eager to learn knowledge and technology from other countries to gain opportunities to survive and compete in the international community. Technology has no national boundaries, and higher professional education plays a unique role as an agency to disseminate knowledge and technology. Therefore, it is natural for higher professional education to communicate and learn from the world. Higher vocational education in the United States an obvious feature of internationalization is the emergence of the world within the scope of the higher vocational education market, the world is a growing demand for higher vocational education, especially the developed countries, governments in order to meet the requirements of the budget and the problem of money, by the Internet and other new communications technology development of a variety of opportunities, constitute a new environment. In this environment, some of the American community college and has the higher vocational education schools adopt various ways to expand to the international higher vocational education the demand of the market, namely, set up the internationalization course, develop the higher vocational education of the internationalization of education regulations, overseas students, to participate in the international conference on communication, so that higher vocational education in the United States shows the characteristics of internationalization. As prof bourne says, the international education requires the teaching of a subject within an international framework to make students aware of the interconnectedness of all countries and the universality of issues such as poverty and racial discrimination; Second, new courses on new international technologies will be offered. The internationalization of courses is an important factor in education internationalization of higher professions. For example, some community colleges set up new majors such as international trade and international economy. The third is to add content related to internationalization on the basis of the original course. Such as the use of excellent teaching material as the auxiliary part of the abroad, or in writing your own teaching material absorption for domestic colleges and universities abroad with parts of the professional teaching materials, or part of his foreign materials and related works as higher vocational colleges teaching reference books, the content focus on the latest international trends, in order to let students understand the most cutting edge information in time and technical knowledge; Fourth, we need to accelerate technological research that is of general concern to all countries in the world. Five, we should pay attention to regional research, and highlight the features of our native career education in the process of internationalization. It is a valuable experience for the development of education in the United States to promote, develop and consolidate the implementation of education through legislation. The new Karl, d. perkins career education act was passed in 1994 and 1998, respectively. Based on the reality of education, the act further emphasizes the status and financial source of beducation, especially education, thus ensuring the healthy development of education. The United States government clearly stipulated in the national defense education act that the foreign language teaching in community colleges and higher vocational education schools should be strengthened. Every year, $8 million is allocated to improve foreign language teaching, set up language laboratories and language regional centers, set up language scholarships and promote foreign language teaching by various means. This fully demonstrates the willingness of the us government to support the international education and promote the internationalization of higher vocational education, which advocates students to enhance their understanding of the world. With the support of policies and regulations, the U.S. government can set up a scholarship or project funds directly support the internationalization of higher vocational education, such as the state department's "education and culture education exchange", "the Fulbright program", and on January 17, 2001, education and cultural services department announced to fund set up by the American community college students to study abroad "Benjamin gilman international scholarship program". Since the 1990 s, the globalization of the world development trend, the number of the United States to attract students by the impact of the Europe, Japan and other countries, the United States to increase funding projects, such as "education and cultural exchange program" funded by the state council, the department of defense funding of "national security education program", "the ministry of education's fifth largest program funded by ministry of education. There are also scholarships at various universities, which attract a large number of international students. According to the education report, 1,482,896 students were enrolled from 2007 to 2008, accounting for 4.3% of the total number of American students in the same year. Of these international students, 894,625 are studying at community colleges and some colleges with vocational and technical programs. While attracting foreign students to study in the United States, the United States is also taking active measures to encourage its students to study abroad. Across the country, many state governments, colleges and universities actively support students to study abroad. Most of the students studying abroad go to the vocational and technical colleges in Europe, including Germany. On the one hand, these students studying abroad understand the advanced career of other countries education, on the other hand, they also bring their own culture and technology to the other side.#p#分页标题#e# International communication requires language communication. Learning foreign languages is an important means to enhance international communication skills. In recent years, in the face of the needs of the 21st century international talents and their low quality of foreign language education, the government is aware of the foreign language education of the world's first the importance of economic and military power, in 1996, promulgated and published the national curriculum standard - "standard of 21st century learning foreign language", the purpose is to make every stage of the foreign language teaching link up, do the essential and interlocked. The United States attaches great importance to the development of transnational education and cooperative projects, which are mainly reflected in the interaction between teachers on international academic knowledge, technical exchange, project development and other cross national boundaries and across disciplines. Teachers' communication in the United States shows a trend of diversification and multiple channels, including governmental and non-governmental national plans, as well as exchange programs between colleges and universities. All this has increased the international flow of higher education teachers in the United States. The United States has been visited by thousands of foreign scholars every year since the 1990s, and the university of Wisconsin employs 600 foreign teachers a year. Colleges and universities set up various fund projects to support teachers' international exchange activities. In 2008, the United States actively participated in the asia-pacific small business entrepreneurship skills course development teacher training conference held by Australian college TAFE college, which was the main content of the UNESCO career education international program. In the face of the internationalization trend of higher professional education, we must conduct in-depth thinking and brave exploration. In combination with China's actual conditions, we should draw on the experience of internationalization of higher professional education in developed countries to make higher professional education go to the world. For this, we should: Strengthening legislation higher profession education rule by law is the inevitable trend of development of higher profession education at present. We can learn from the legislative experience of American professional education, and pay attention to five points: phased, operational, scientific, pioneering, and legislation with government financial support. The practices of various levels of government in the United States have shown that it is necessary to invest in career education, especially higher profession education. At present, China is implementing the vocational education law, which is the basic law of China's career education and the symbol and guarantee of the great development of career education. However, it is not enough to a fundamental law, we should draw lessons from the experiences of American vocational education, according to the vocational education guidance law, continuously strengthen and perfect the laws and regulations of vocational education in our country, give full play to the effectiveness of the law, and administering, make our country's higher vocational education have a better development, into the international. The internationalization of personnel training, higher vocational education should determine the training objectives according to the needs of the international market, and carry out vocational skills training for students or employees before starting work. Higher vocational education should constantly expand its international space so that most of its students can enter the international market after graduation. Since China joined the WTO, China has been integrated into the economic globalization. The reform and development of higher career education should be further put under the international background. We should make full use of the education resources in the world, keep opening up China's resources to foreign countries, actively participate in the transnational cooperation and exchanges of subject research, encourage international academic exchanges and exchanges among scholars, and learn from experience to constantly improve ourselves. |
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