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导读：这是一篇美国essay范文，讨论了美国的全民健身。由于美国社会竞争十分激烈，工作比较繁忙，大多数人没有集中的时间进行体育运动。因此，零散身体活动时间的累积逐渐受到人们的接受。美国的体质委员会也将运动参与作为体质评价的一个重要指标，提倡公民每日的运动参与，强调公民一个星期至少有三次以上的身体活动。美国全民健身由强调适应需要的身体测试的练习和训练向重视每日的身体训练和终身参与体育活动习惯的形成方向转化，对全民健身提出了明确的目标，并采取有效的手段去实施。 American citizens' national fitness has shifted from emphasizing physical tests and training to emphasizing daily physical exercise, lifelong physical activity habits and a healthy lifestyle. American national fitness has clear objectives, extensive contents and effective methods, and pays attention to the cumulative effect of citizens' exercise time. 美国公民的全民健康已经从强调身体测试和训练转变为强调日常体育锻炼，终生身体活动习惯和健康的生活方式。美国全民健身目标明确、内容广泛、方法有效，注重公民锻炼时间的累积效应。 Health is a lofty goal pursued by people and a basic guarantee for a country to achieve modernization. Health is an important symbol and potential driving force for social progress, and achieving the highest possible health level is an important social goal worldwide. In the United States, most malignant diseases are caused by people's living habits. Research has shown that, among the health influencing factors, lifestyle accounts for 53%, and "lifestyle" is determined by people's choice. In America, people are free to choose. As a result, Americans' health is affected by factors that are difficult to control. The malignant diseases caused by Health care account for 10%, which indicates that lifestyle is the main factor causing most malignant diseases in the United States. 健康是人民追求的崇高目标，也是国家实现现代化的基本保证。健康是社会进步的重要标志和潜在推动力，实现最高健康水平是全世界重要的社会目标。在美国，大多数恶性疾病都是由人们的生活习惯引起的。有研究表明，在影响健康的因素中，生活方式占53％，“生活方式”取决于人们的选择。在美国，人们可以自由选择。结果，美国人的健康受到难以控制的因素的影响。卫生保健引起的恶性疾病占10％，这表明生活方式是导致美国大多数恶性疾病的主要因素。 Physical exercise and sports participation can enhance the physical quality of citizens, cultivate and maintain good emotional experience of citizens, promote the formation of a strong will, promote the healthy development of body and mind, it is conducive to the formation of a healthy lifestyle of citizens. In order to improve the physical quality of the American people, adapt to the needs of the highly developed modernization and highly competitive society, and solve the problems existing in citizen fitness, the U.S. department of health and welfare listed "physical exercise and exercise" as a priority measure in the document of improving health. Nowadays, there are some new trends in the national fitness movement in the United States, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects. Submitted in 1990, the United States department of health benefits to the country in 2000 the American health goal, "the report in the complete process, almost all American sports academic groups and thousands of experts and scholars both in hard work, the completion of for the report puts forward the ideas and scientific basis, target is put forward by the report" by reducing and preventing disease, death, and loss of motor ability, to promote the health of the American people to improve ". The report involved 22 aspect, physical activity and fitness as one of the important contents, which fully shows the American academic sports organizations and sports workers to the attention of the national fitness campaign, and spend a lot of manpower and material resources to research, the nationwide fitness campaign for the United States department of the national fitness function provides the scientific basis for policy, promoting the healthy development of the national fitness campaign in the United States. These studies enable citizens to basically master the means of assessing health and learn to exercise independently and scientifically. To make citizens realize that playing sports is a sacred right and is completely out of their own internal needs. The national fitness goal of the United States clearly stipulates that more than 70% of the people should have the correct knowledge of sports items, time and amount of exercise that can effectively improve cardiopulmonary function, so as to truly improve and improve the national fitness awareness. As can be seen from table 1, the number of "Daily PE" American citizens was 29% in 2000, and the target should be 50% by 2010. The "Daily PA" rate of physical activity for American citizens was 38% in 2000, and should reach 50% by 2010. The national fitness department of the United States has clearly put forward detailed indicators for the specific population, that is, to participate in the improvement of cardiopulmonary function of the youth should be more than 90%; more than 60% of young students should participate in school sports activities every day. The percentage of adults aged 18-65 who actively participate in sports should exceed 60%; Half of all people over the age of 65 should take part in proper sports. Urge an enterprise to develop the activity that strengthens constitution, in this regulation, every personnel exceeds the enterprise of 500 people, should have the athletic field facility that can offer the worker of this enterprise 25% to develop sports, in order to assure 25% worker can develop fitness activity inside the enterprise. Still stipulate, the enterprise that provides opportunity to the worker every, give preferential policy in pay taxes respect. The President's council on the President's physical fitness and the American association for health, sports and recreation launched the American action to improve health and outlined practical steps to promote it: recognition, certification, hierarchy, and rewards for youth of all ages and levels of physical activity. The American association for health, sports and recreation has developed the national standards for student physical education passing tests for schools. The government actively encourage sports academic organizations actively carry out the national fitness aspects of scientific research, and develop the youth physical assessment method of system requirements at least more than 70% of teenagers to participate in the determination of evaluation exercise for short-term and long-term effects of information, in the nationwide fitness campaign to improve productivity and reduce the medical information, obtain relevant national fitness trends and information of data classification. In the process of improved physical fitness evaluation and monitoring system, the President of the United States constitution committee made important contributions to the promotion of school physical movement made unremitting efforts for a long time, it aroused the various aspects of American society, including the government, civil society, religion, law, business, etc., made remarkable achievements, the development of school sports in the United States, the United States, the improvement of national constitution, American sports take-off laid a solid foundation, played an immeasurable role, has far-reaching strategic significance. Because American society is very competitive and busy, most people do not have enough time to concentrate on sports. Therefore, the accumulation of scattered physical activity time is gradually accepted by people. The President's council on physical fitness of the United States takes physical activity participation as an important indicator of physical evaluation, advocates daily physical activity participation of citizens, and emphasizes that citizens have physical activity at least three times a week. School physical education is the premise and foundation of national fitness and has important strategic significance in national fitness. American school physical education does not overemphasize the practice and training of physical test to meet the needs, but attaches great importance to the formation of daily physical training and lifelong participation in physical activity habits, and emphasizes the mastery of theoretical knowledge structure of physical education, fitness and entertainment, and the way of life activities. The school physical education curriculum, with "Sport" as the main content, turns to improve health and promote fitness as the main content. American students to give priority to in order to "Sport" course and the enthusiasm of extracurricular activities decreased obviously, in order to adapt to the society, the United States have issued a "national targets to improve health and prevent disease" ten years of planning, "best Fitness plan", "healthy people" in 2000, more and more schools no longer give priority to with professor "Sports", which is given priority to with professor "Fitness". Some schools have explicitly changed the content of physical education courses to "Fitness" and changed the physical education courses to "Fitness". In order to meet the active desire of college students to participate in sports, the content of the teaching materials of various sports courses is mainly set as the center of lifelong, life-oriented and recreational activities.#p#分页标题#e# The concept and purpose of American students' fitness are very clear. The concept of fitness is mainly reflected in the following aspects: to enable every student to fully enjoy physical activities and exercise enough for their own health and a better life in the future; Fitness is a part of students' life, is a state of life, students should be through physical activities to obtain and maintain this state; Help students learn to live a positive life; Because the individual difference of student condition, accordingly, the fitness of the student has individual character, every student should have the right to choose the lifelong fitness movement that suits him. There are three main objectives of fitness for American students: to understand the individual's sports and fitness needs through fitness; Why physical activity is important; How to move properly. A lifelong movement to make citizens independent by achieving three goals. The national fitness of fitness citizens in the United States has changed from emphasizing the practice and training of physical tests to emphasizing the formation of daily physical training and lifelong participation in physical activities, and has put forward clear goals for the national fitness and adopted effective measures to implement them. In the United States, national fitness has played an increasingly positive role in spiritual civilization, physical and mental health, and productivity improvement, and its social significance is also increasing. National fitness in the United States involves a wide range of contents, so that citizens can experience physical, mental and social health, and pay attention to the cumulative effect of citizens' exercise time. American schools have clear ideas of sports development, attach importance to students' sports participation, and cultivate students' lifelong habits of participating in sports activities. |
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