指导美国ESSAY :以美国公园建筑设计为对比分析中国城市公共建筑工程设计研究,本文从案例分析,实证研究调查手段,探析了中西方公共建筑设计中的人文文化融合City Wall Riverfront Park Design in Xi' an, P. R. China:Focusing on urban context, continuation of the historical culture and the life style of local people Abstract It has the most intensive natural factors, the most abundant natural process of geography, at the same time human activities and the city interfere is very intense, it can be said that is one of the strongest areas impacted by the natural process and human activities jointly. Urban Waterfront is an important resource of urban development. to improve the urban environmental quality and to enrich geographical features it plays an extremely important value. In the growing concern on the ecological environment and sustainable development influence, urban waterfront’s unique position has raised people's general concern. As for The transformation of the old city and urban renewal, urban waterfront revival is the world trend and is considered as the construction of urban planning and economic development focus. How to conduct effective use and investment has become the key to development. As is indicated in 1990 "the head of the Osaka International Conference on water Spirit", in recent years, people in order to improve the urban environment comfort and enhance the characteristics of geographical features, begin a new awareness of the potential for urban waterfront. on rivers, lakes or Sea open space, environmental revetment, the revival of the historic waterway and waterfront construction and design, etc., people try to carry out different forms of planning. Such as "plan to build the port area" of the River Thames in London; "1992 Olympic Village Nova Icaria plan" of the waterfront in Barcelona of Spain; New York Lower Manhattan Hudson River Waterfront Trail tour design; Penn's Landing development plan of Delaware River shore in the Philadelphia; Nagoya Comprehensive Improvement Plan Kawasaki in Japan; Japan Toyama 21st century water park bell Tongcheon plan and Fu Yan Canal Park plan; Osaka "island" Waterfront Veranda repair plan; Singapore River region update plan and so forth. As Japan's new generation of architect 毛纲毅旷 saying "the city once again returns to the waterfront, which is a global movement, the movement is a return from the world's automobile-centered way of thinking. The 21st century is the era of super-Earth, waterfront in this moment of the universe is linked with the special status."#p#分页标题#e# In China, urban waterfront development and utilization are also started. Different from the Western developed countries’ development backgrounds; China's Riverside area development is in an increase premium period. These areas have not undergone a remarkable recession; the main purpose of development aims through the improvement and transformation of the waterfront environment to promote the development of urban industries, as well as city to provide more living space for dwellers. Remediations along the Haihe River in Tianjin, Nanjing Qinhuai antique buildings, the Hefei City wall riverfront park have begun to take shape. In addition, cities and towns of the south of Yangtze River protection and updates have also been more and more concerned about. Beijing’s north-south water system transformation, the transformation of West Lake of Hangzhou, Ningbo three rivers and six coastal planning, Changsha also will intend 500 million to transform the Xiangjiang coast. But overall, China's urban waterfront building is still in its infancy and technical exploration stage, there are still some problems, mainly include: These issues are worthy of Urban Waterfront builders and designers to pay attention. 2. Research significance In developing the western region process to change the backwardness of Xi'an, to enhance the city's overall image, to reduce the gap between the eastern developed regions, together with the National Development Goals of the 21st century, the natural landscape and the environment protection along the river of the urban waterfront area are very significantly important. At present, the domestic urban waterfront design study is hot and popular, but design research that is suitable for Xi’an Waterfront Park is basically blank. Also, Xi'an Rivers are different from other regions. Xi’an Rivers have the special geological and hydrological features: less mountain-type, more plain-type; the flow is consistent with geological structure line; water is rich, seasonal variation is greater; and of multi-bending. These special environmental conditions more need serious analysis and study, under specific environmental conditions to design. Only a single use of a certain mode can neither well achieve the original design, or tend to lead to more negative effects and unnecessary loss. This shows that to explore a plan that is suitable for Xi’an Riverfront Park is essential. For Xi'an urban development along the river, as well as other cities’ development along the waterfront are of great guiding significance. This is the purpose of this study. 3. 指导essayResearches review Domestic Research on the waterfront area works mainly include Zhang Zhongwei,Fenghui, Peng Zhiquan edited the "Urban Waterfront Design and Development" which is relatively early to systematically introduce the urban waterfront development. This book introduces urban waterfront development and the basic principles of motivation, but also uses the larger space to introduce foreign examples of waterfront development, and analyze and discuss the examples. Liu Binyi’s book "Urban Waterfront Landscape Planning and Design" from the waterfront landscape based theory, combined with national conditions, format, detail discuss the city's waterfront landscape and its planning and design dynamics, theory and methods, supplemented by rich domestic practice and projects, hoping to improve the quality of the construction of the waterfront landscape. Yang Chunxia doctoral thesis "river-crossing city form and design" from the perspective of urban design explores the development of the river-crossing city’s morphology and design method, which also have more detailed discussion of rivers and urban landscape, the relationship between landscape of riparian waterfront and urban landscape. But China's waterfront landscape planning and design research monographs and reference materials are still relatively small, and the study is relatively single. In the author’s contact extent, the design of the waterfront areas is the waterfront space, as well as the development of the waterfront areas. Although, there are also some master's thesis, the research on the waterfront natural landscape and ecological have been explored in more detail, but mostly from a macro angle of view conduct principle exposition in waterfront landscape and ecology of the spatial pattern, or the design research on the restoration of waterfront areas’ historical and cultural landscape, on how to reflect the regional characteristics of the waterfront landscape design exposition, or on the basis of geographical, location characteristics, rivers regional factors, the landscape design is basically a blank. In addition, at the same time Western countries some famous architectural magazine also begin to pay attention to urban waterfront projects, one after another publish such album. Britain's Architectural Review, respectively, in 1987, 1989 and 1998, published three albums, in other magazines such frequency is rare. Other magazines such as Japan's Process: Architecture in 1984 published a waterfront album; Britain's Architectural Design in 1995 was in the name of Architecture & Water to produce an album. The United States Landscape Architecture in the February 1991 published a so-called "New urban Waterfront" album. In addition, the waterfront landscape design-related books also include Richard Marshall’s works on the waterfront city --- "post-industrial society of the urban water foreshore" and so on. In Asia, related theoretical writings mainly include the "Waterfront Landscape Design" edited by Japan Society of Civil Engineers in 1988. It is a more comprehensive and detailed study about Urban Waterfront actual planning, designs, construction. In another example, the Japan Center for river management of the waterfront edited a book to explore the natural landscape design concept. The book is "natural waterfront landscape design concepts and practice", which is to discuss river natural landscape design concept, and its main contents are mainly about the experiences of Switzerland and Germany’s protection and creation the state of the natural landscape. "hydrophilic waterfront facilities planning and design" is Edited by the same organization. the book revolves around to introduce and explore space hydrophilic activities center facilities planning and design methodology, aims to carry out design for the people relaxation and walking, swimming and other water activities in the waterfront edge. And provides references and guidance in creating full charm hydrophilic space and the construction of the waterfront landscape design. Waterfront landscape design can not be separated from the theoretical researches on landscape ecology, therefore, the related works include Forman R. T. T. Godron's "Landscape Ecology" and "Some general principles of landscape ecology"; In addition, there are on the eco-city construction "Ecocity Berkeley - Building Cities for a Healthy Future" written by Richard Register and others have analysis on the landscape ecological aspects. In addition, devoted works, John O. Symonds’ book, "Landscape Architecture - Site Planning and Design Manual"; Tom • Turner’s book "Landscape Planning and Environmental Impact Design"; Geoffery and Susan Jellicoe’s book "diagram of human landscape - to shape the history of the environment"; I.L. McHarg’s book "design with nature" and so on. 4. 指导essayResearch content and methods The paper first outlines the worldwide waterfront development process, domestic and foreign waterfront building experience, from the socio-cultural sustainable development point of view, analyzes the waterfront park design elements, sums up the 10 waterfront Park design principles. Based on the findings and the Xi'an City Wall Waterfront Park's status quo, the author conducts planning design on the City Wall Waterfront Park. 4.2 Research ideas 4.3 Research Methods |