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Culture Tourist Motivations and Behavious In Kyoto
The previous chapter looked at general fetures of culture tourism in Kyoto and analysis its life stages. However, the experience of being a tourist is one that engages all the senses, not simply the visual, the intellectual, sensual and emotional are more importantly interpreted. Coltman, M. M. (1989, p.42) point out that without people’s motivation to travel, there would be no tourist industry and travel motivators are those factors that create a person’s desire to travel.
Therefore, this chapter will attempt to weave together motivations and behaviours through theories primarily derived from a cultural tourist of Kyoto. Consequently, the role of motivation will be discussed with specific reference to the work of experts and researchers such as Buhalis and Costa, Richards, Dale and among others. Initiallly, interview of who has been to Kyoto as a cultural visitor will be present as a primary research. Secondly, the work and influence of Buhalis and Costa will be described with reference to their recognize of cultural tourists groups and related needs. Within the chapter an emphasis will placed upon cultural motives, Additionally, the behaviour and visitors choice among with such motivation will also be discussed.
Type of Cultural Tourist Motivations and Related Behaviours
Buhalis and Costa (2006b, p.215) categorize cultural tourists into five groups:
Dale (2005a, p.124) suggested that the types of motivation for travel and tourism include:
Physical reasons: rest and relaxation; As the reference to the interviewer, who took a day off from the conference specially went to Kyoto just for a sightseeing to see the traditional part of Japan. Which we may recognize that the motivation for her visitor was high, as was the first visit and just for a day, she did not anticipate any special events or festivals, in this case, her experience could be recognize as shallow level. Obviously, the sightseeing cultural tourist could be identified for her from her motivation and behaviour to such travel by using Buhalis and Costa categorization. Her motivation to Kyoto could be identified as “Cultural motivated” according to Dale’s suggestion that the behaviour of the visitor who drive by cultural motivation is most interesting in studying the architecture and desire to experience culture.
Each type of cultural tourist may drive by difference motivations and will seek different experiences, they also apparently exhibit different behaviours. Purposeful cultural tourists generally seek depth in cultural experiences; most of them are the greatest consumer of heritage sites, ancient temples, museums and art galleries, The example of Miss Zhan the author has interview with, who said the most memorable thing about her visit were the temples and she really enjoy it, and she would like to go to Kyoto again if has any chance because there are so many temples in Kyoto and she need more time to visit all of them. The sightseeing cultural tourists are more interested in collecting a wide range of sightseeing experiences, they are mostly likely to visit icon attractions and photograph sightseeing. The majority is casual and incidental cultural tourists who prefer visiting convenience-based attractions and may not be interested in temples and museums.
People may have different motivations that would make them go to a particular place. More specific, the motivation for travel could be personal interest, business travel, visits to friends or relatives, the desire for a change of routine, for a physical relaxation, or who travel as spectators to view sporting events, to watch entertainment. Sometimes, a trip or holiday may have more than one motivating force behind it which could be a combination of several motivators. In general, the cultural tourists’ best interest “is a combination of atmosphere, local culture, and history, particularly about the unique character of the place they are visiting.” (Richards, 2007, p.16). Smith and Robinson (2006, p.77) state that:
“Cultural tourism could be a subject of interest to tourist destinations with cultural amenities, heritage sites, arts centers, historical museums and natural resources.”
As mentioned previously, Kyoto is an antique city with a unique cultural identity and has a wealth of heritage. In an “Overseas Visitor Satisfaction Survey 2006-2007” (Japan National Tourist Organization, 2008), Kyoto was the most recommended city by American and UK visitors, the reason include it historical and traditional features and its unique character distinguishes it from other cities. It shows that “the cultural motivations have been stable over time and the motivations for different nationalities are similar.” (Richards, 2007, p.164) |
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