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Tourism in the 1840s after embarked scale operation, industrial development path. Since then, tourism operators have been actively seeking how to learn, to learn the latest research results management, business management, some good practices to improve the quality of tourism services, tourism enterprises to improve the management level. But in academia, tourism management research for a long period of time has not been able to get the attention it deserves. Since the 1970s, this phenomenon has a relatively large change in the field of tourism management studies published papers, journals, monographs have been increasing. Tourism Management Discipline problems also caused many scholars interest. Some scholars also made some good ideas and suggestions. But people on the Discipline Construction understanding of some basic issues, such as academic subjects, disciplines principle proposition disciplinary nature and theoretical framework, discipline cutting-edge issues, interdisciplinary research and research methods to determine the direction of such issues, still is ambiguous.
旅游业是在19世纪40年代后开始走上规模经营、产业化发展道路的。从那时开始，旅游经营者一直都在积极地寻求如何借鉴、吸取管理学的最新研究成果、工商企业管理的一些好的做法来改进旅游服务质量，提高旅游企业的经营管理水平。但在学术界中，旅游管理研究在相当长的一段时间内一直没能得到人们应有的重视。70年代以来，这种现象有了比较大的改变，旅游管理研究领域公开发表的论文、刊物、专著已日渐增多。旅游管理学学科建设问题也引起了许多学者的兴趣。有些学者还提出了一些很好的设想与建议。但人们对学科建设的一些基本问题的认识，如对学科研究对象，学科原理命题，学科的性质与理论框架，学科的前沿问题，学科的研究方向与研究方法的确定等问题的认识，至今仍然是模糊不清的。
First, the concept of tourism management
一、旅游管理的概念
Tourism management is carried out for the development of tourism planning, organizing, directing, regulating and monitoring activities. Tourism management activities, with a multi-level structure, the wide range of content, it is implementing in Travel and Tourism Management Business of the whole process, and from the process of watching tourism management, tourism management activities include: establishing goals tourism management activities, the establishment of tourism business information systems activities, and tourism forecasting and decision to carry out the activities of Travel and Tourism Development Plan to develop the activities, as well as the supervision of the development of tourism activities, and so on.
旅游管理是指为发展旅游事业而进行的计划、组织、指挥、调节和监督的活动。旅游管理活动，具有多层次、多结构、多方面的内容，它贯彻于旅行游览管理事业的全过程之中，从旅游管理的过程看，旅游管理活动包括：确立旅游管理目标的活动，建立旅游事业信息系统的活动.
Tourism management from content, the tourism management activities include: tourism human resource management activities, tourism, physical resource management activities, tourism, financial resource management activities, tourism, science and technology management activities, and so on.
From tourism management business perspective, tourism management activities include: tourism resources management activities, tourism facilities management activities, tourism service management activities. Tourism resource management, and management can be divided into tourist attractions, heritage tourism management, tourism achievements in construction management activities, tourism facilities management can be divided into tourist traffic, including civil aviation, railways, highways, waterways management, tourism, hotels, hotels, restaurants, amusement travel services management site management activities, can be divided into tourist room service, catering services, guide service, chauffeur service, shopping service to guide management activities, and so on.
From tourism management methods and means to see, and tourism management activities including the use of administrative measures to manage tourism activities in economic approaches to the management of tourism activities, using legal approaches to the management of tourism activities, with the ideological and political approaches to the management of tourism activities, with the approaches to the management of science and technology activities in the tourism industry, and so on.
Second, the object of study Tourism Management
Travel by those for peaceful purposes, not for settlement and employment who travel away from their permanent residence and stay caused by a variety of phenomena and relationships combined. Tourism resources, tourists and tourism is tourism activities and development of three basic elements. So, in a broad sense Tourism Management Studies targets should include the management of these three. As tourists travel motivational, activity-oriented and on the road in large part to the organization and management of enterprises and institutions affected by tourism and constraints of tourism resources exploitation and protection work is mainly also by the local tourism enterprises unit is responsible. Therefore, in the narrow sense Tourism Management Studies object refers primarily on tourism management.
Third, the nature of the subject of tourism management
Tourism Management What is a science, or a subject? Or just under a management science research? Academia had this dispute. A science, it must be significantly different from the other disciplines object of study, research methodology and a set from the practice, a lot of research summed up, and time-tested scientific principles. Tourism management research and other scientific or object although the object of study subjects are obviously different, but a lot of research visits abroad, people follow the vast majority of the research method or some other scientific disciplines, such as economics, social science, anthropology, cultural studies, management science research methods used, and its integrity, independence, clear theoretical architecture has yet to be established. If it is positioned as the management of a branch or by his field of study, and obviously people feel ignored its particularity, it is underestimated in modern management science in the position and importance. In fact, if people think carefully about its discipline principles basic proposition, recalling Tourism Management Institute traveled a long journey, it is easy to understand that the foundation of Tourism Management in the management science, management theory and the basic principle of the Tourism Management practice has a strong practical significance. Tourism Management is the management of an important branch is a more integrated application of discipline.http://www.ukassignment.org/uklunwen/
With other departments, industry research or management objects compared Tourism Management particularity of the main object of study can be summarized as follows: (a) sexual tourism activities in different places: the emergence and development of tourism activities and tourist total travel and stay inseparable; reception usually must be performed by the same object in different places tourism enterprises, tourism practitioners work together to complete. (Two) the cultural tourism product: the performance of tourism products directly or indirectly, materialized in the tourism consumer goods, targeted travel services. Whether tangible or intangible tourism product it must implies a strong culture of resistance, it is because tourists traveling in the material requirements need to be met at the same time, their spiritual needs also need to be met. (Three) of the integrated tourism consumption: consumer demand tourists usually comprehensive, although most of them have relatively simple tourist motivation, but in the journey of food, shelter, transportation, travel, entertainment, shopping and six aspects of the consumer will generally have. Moreover, in recent years, consumer demand for travel is still extends to other service areas. (Four) the social nature of travel services: travel services without direct contact between people face to face, both supply and demand of communication and emotion, the exchange of ideas, there is likely to affect not only the awareness of each original tendencies and values, and which may also create a new kind of public or personal relationships. (Five) tourism economic activity universality: In today's world, most countries in the development of tourism, the first is to earn foreign exchange, revenue generation. In many countries, tourism has become a key industry of national economy and even the local pillar industries. From a global perspective, proportion of employment, profits and taxes created to measure the socio-economic indicators such as the tourism industry has more than automotive, petroleum and chemical industries, to become the world's largest industries. (Six) of tourism resources duality: those who can create any number of factors attractive to tourists, can constitute tourism resources. Tourism resources can either be natural, it can be humane; either is historical, it can be modern; either be tangible, it can be invisible; Some can not move in space, and once destruction would be difficult to repair, such as monuments; while some are can be moved, but you can continue to enrich and update, such as sporting events, cultural performances, festive activities, etc.
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