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Universal application of information technology has been for some time, vocational colleges digitized resources development, to promote the exchange, sharing and re-applied, seems to have become a hot topic. In 2006 the Ministry of Education started vocational 100 Model Colleges, universities are basically building the demonstration digitized resources consistently identified as a priority construction projects, vocational Digital Resources Construction ushered in a new period of development. I, as Wuxi Institute of Technology Digital Resources Construction overall responsibility for the school's digital resources involved in the entire process, the following combined with my experience, Analysis of how digital resources construction.
信息技术的应用普及已经有一段时间了,高职院校进行数字化资源建设,以促进交流、共享和再应用,俨然已成为一个热门话题。2006年教育部启动高职100所示范院校建设,各示范建设院校基本都一致地将数字化资源建设列为一个重点建设项目,高职数字化资源建设迎来了一个新的发展时期。笔者作为无锡职业技术学院数字化资源建设总负责人参与了学院数字化资源建设的全过程,下文结合本人的经历,浅析如何进行数字化资源建设。
A clear positioning, focusing on training needs
1 定位明确,着眼于培养需求
The development of modern educational technology education produced a comprehensive and profound impact, not only the reform of the teaching mode and teaching methods, but also presents us an education modernization blueprint. Vocational how to use the education law, the use of modern educational technology for digital resources construction has become an inevitable trend. Different levels and types of personnel training, need to fit the characteristics of its own educational information resources. Vocational training applied talents in the main building of digitized resources should also focus on the cultivation of students' ability, resources, technology can be applied constitutes a resource-based media, while focusing on theory and research-based media resource development. In my hospital Computer Application Technology, for example, in the pre-construction professional resource library, after full investigation, combined with the professional training program, we will collect and use case development and related tools for the professional digital resources focus on building , while making relevant technical material finishing and production work. The professional digital resources project a construction is completed, the case base occupy a large proportion, Figure 1 is a hospital computer application repository components.
现代教育技术的发展对高等教育产生了全面、深刻的影响,不仅改革了教学模式和教学方法,还为我们呈现了一个教育现代化的宏伟蓝图。高职院校如何运用教育规律,利用现代教育技术手段,进行数字化资源建设已成为必然趋势。不同层次,不同类型的人才培养,需要适合其自身特点的教育信息化资源。高职以培养应用型人才为主,进行数字化资源建设也应注重对学生动手能力的培养,资源的构成可以以技术应用型媒体资源为主,同时注重理论与研究型媒体资源的开发。以我院计算机应用技术专业为例,在专业资源库建设前期,经过充分调研后,结合该专业人才培养方案,我们将应用案例的收集与开发及相关工具的使用作为该专业数字化资源建设的重点,同时做好相关技术素材的整理与制作工作。该专业数字化资源项目一期建设完成后,案例库占据较大比例,图1是我院计算机应用专业资源库的组成。
2 focus on content and technology integration, the development of quality resources
2 注重内容与技术的融合,开发优质资源
Content and technology is the digital divide resource development from different angles of the two levels, the content indicates that the resource information content to be rendered, technology refers to a specific type of media resources, what kind of way to render. General professional teachers, for their own professional involved a better understanding of the process of building digital resources to produce some PPT courseware can be, but to be some deep development of digital media resources are often the powerless. School during the overall planning of digital resources, to identify which is the key resource for these resources can be established curriculum or professional Liezi project development team, team members should be professional teachers, IT aspects of composition or art teachers, professional teachers responsible for specific contents of the resource design and scripting, and then by the IT aspects of the teachers to choose and implement the appropriate forms of media.
3 easy to use as a practical basis, both artistic and applicability
The design of digital learning resources related to pedagogy, psychology, learning theory, instructional design, aesthetics and other aspects of knowledge, is not a simple process. How to design a comprehensive use of relevant theories practicality, adaptability and artistic, convenient interactive digital teaching resources, digital resources should focus on design issues.
(A) practical issues
Specific resources designed to fully take into account the actual needs of teaching and learning resources, topics must be carefully and accurately reflects practicality, according to the characteristics of resources to choose appropriate media forms, making sure that a picture or an animation an online courseware. Here it is necessary special mention in the resource courseware, topics particularly important to pay attention to the "new", "odd", "fun", do not make a simple "blackboard move", "copy books" should be designed from textbooks and high in textbooks.
(2) multimedia courseware design artistry and adaptability
How to handle both for aesthetics but also to adapt teaching interface object age characteristics of media information is key to the design of digital resources. Digital resources, including text, graphics, images, sound, video, animation media information and literature, courseware, online courses and other teaching resources. Typically making graphics, images, video, animation, etc. focus on the design of a single material, practical and artistic effects to consider the problem. For courseware, online courses and other digital teaching resources to design, involving the media, the more information, the coordination among the more important, if you deal with the relationship between them is not good, easy to make people's sensory conflict, affecting the learning effect . Therefore, the design of the media to fully consider the characteristics of the learner.
Here it is necessary to emphasize that, as higher vocational institutions, the main building of digital resources is an ordinary teacher in the hospital at all levels of vocational stored in the repository (or use) of most teachers to produce their own resources. In response to this reality, digitized resources construction can not just blindly pursue performance results should be presented to the teaching content and teaching embodied in the design basis, and then from a technical point of view to consider how and technology to achieve the best performance results.
4 reasonable selection of media resource format type and location of information resources
Digital resources in basic media material can be divided into five categories: text type material, graphics (image) class material, audio class material, video class material, animation clips. If the resources in the production process is not carefully selected material performance type, there may be a "volume" too big inconvenience to online play, rendering ineffective and other issues. In selecting specific media clip, you need to understand the properties of the material information, such as animation class material common file formats are GIF, SWF formats, but both are different. Is the most common animated GIF file format developed by multi-frame GIF image synthesis, SWF is based on Macromedia's Hockwave streaming technology animation format, with a small, powerful, interactive capabilities, and support multiple layers and time characteristics threads , but the player is required plug-ins. Forms of media should be possible to determine a good future attributes of each kind of media used in the extreme, such as text, put the font, size, color and other attributes fully utilized, the learner can play the role of effective messaging .
According to the teaching applications and some characteristics of the resource itself, the type of digital teaching resources can be demo type, encyclopedias type, measurement type exercises, interactive, simulation type.
● Presentation type: teaching content in some form of media presented by a certain process.
● Encyclopedia type: also known as data type. Learners can find a lot of information from.
● Measurement drill type: Through a number of questions to measure the learner's ability and responsiveness.
● interactive: By setting the friendly people - machine interface, teachers and mutual communication, to receive information, you can make the learner in a good mental state for active learning and learner autonomy capabilities .
● Simulation Model: Using computer multimedia technology and network technology to simulate real-world scenarios and processes, and supports human-computer interaction.
● Experiment solving types: the use of computer information processing functions, the exact solution of the experimental data.
● Entertainment Learning: music and eager to learn, is the learner's interest as well. So that learners can learn in a pleasant atmosphere.
● Network Teaching type: through a computer network, living in different places so that learners can hear each other clear, visible and implement remote synchronization counseling, discussion, sharing of resources.
5 Open Source advocates for continuous improvement of resource development to preserve the original data
Social progress, technology development, people's needs constantly changing, the education sector is no exception. For the complete digitization of resources may be used very well at this stage, but with the advances in technology, education and teaching philosophy of continuous development and progress of these resources in the near future may also need further improvement. Digitized resources construction, if blindly emphasized the outcome at this stage, while ignoring the preservation of the original data resources, will be detrimental to the future of digital resources improvements. Advocating open source, one can upgrade for future resource shortening cycle, we can use the repository to store the source files directly change; the other hand, open source means that other users (non-resource original author) has a different idea at the time , you can use according to their own design source files to produce new resources. Has PPT courseware for example, now Internet users in order to retain copyright, are used to convert PPT to PDF or FlashPaper courseware format to the repository, and if so, in the future, when the content has been adjusted, PPT courseware will need to re-create. Other resources such as Flash courseware and related graphics, image source files will greatly facilitate the preservation of resources for future upgrades.
6 Develop criteria to build resource storage hardware and software platforms and applications
Resources Sharing is actively promoted various universities at this stage, in order to achieve this, as a resource base development authority (school) must develop a scientific and reasonable technical standards, digital resources construction in accordance with this standard. Resource standards, by College Information Center (or Modern Education Technology Center) lead, organize various disciplines experts, IT specialists, reference to the relevant information standards, extensive research, develop a reasonable and feasible technical standards. Research should pay attention to the research object to have student groups, because the use of resources is the main target students.
Digital resources from the teaching standards, technical, artistic and interactive, and several other aspects, Table 1 is a teaching hospital resource evaluation criteria.
Finally, the sharing of resources without hardware system construction, to give full play to the value of the repository, deployed for resource storage servers and storage systems, improve the network construction is the foundation work. Hardware setting up the environment but also have a suitable resource storage and application management software platform, software platform can develop their own school, custom development or direct procurement, specifically in what way should be combined with the actual situation of http://www.ukassignment.org/uklunwen/ specific schools, self-development cycle and the need to invest more in human resources, direct procurement cycle is short, but not necessarily be able to meet the needs of schools, school-enterprise cooperation custom development is a more eclectic approach. Hardware and software platform to build to pay attention to the latter part of the upgrade maintenance work, the hardware platform at least able to meet the expansion of storage space, the software platform in the application process will always encounter such problems, the need for technical support maintenance updates.
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