|
Introduction
背景介绍
According to the materials, the car industry was very difficult to operate in 1990s. At that time, Nissan car company faced huge losses almost every year. In that situation, Nissan car company faced the fate of closing down. While in this background, Nissan company and Renault car company have a alliance. Renault car company is a famous car brand in France and also the biggest car company in France. From that time, with the great help of Renault car company, Nissan motor company started to revive again. In 2002, Nissan car company completely got out of the troubles. Now Nissan car company is in a golden development era.
据有关资料介绍，在汽车行业是非常困难的工作在20世纪90年代。当时，日产汽车公司几乎每年都面临着巨大的损失。在这种情况下，日产汽车公司面临倒闭的命运。虽然在这样的背景下，日产汽车公司和雷诺汽车公司有一个联盟。雷诺汽车公司是一家著名的汽车品牌，在法国和在法国最大的汽车公司。
So because of the good relationship with the Nissan motor company, I was an intern in Nissan Motor Company from May to September in 2007. I practiced in the Chief Project management Logistics Group, which is a branch department of the Parts Logistics Engineering Dept, while the Parts Logistics Engineering Dept is a branch of the Supply Chain Management Division. The department of Chief Project management Logistics Group is an important department in the operation of logistic. The task of the department is to organize auto parts logistics. As we all know, the production of automobiles needs that the spare parts in the warehouse transport to different factories to assemble according to the need of the production, while the resulting cost is the logistics cost. The department that I joined is responsible for the logistics cost calculation, and guides the logistics planning. Now the problem is that they don't have a unified database, they basically use Excel spreadsheets or different database within small functions to record data artificially. The storage of data is scattered and the organization is in disorder. So it is the problem the CPL group and I are to solve. Our proposition is to build a logistics database, achieving the target of optimizing the logistics cost.
因此，由于与日产汽车公司的良好关系，我是一个实习生在日产汽车公司在2007年从5月到9月。我练的行政项目管理物流集团，这是一个分支部门的备件物流工程部，配件物流工程部是供应链管理部的一个分支。部门的首席项目管理物流集团在物流运作中的一个重要部门。http://www.ukassignment.org/uklunwen/
1. Context of the project
1.1 Introduction of the company and the department
As we all know, Nissan motor company is a very big company which is very famous in the world. It is Japan's second largest car manufacturer, which was founded in December 1933. It is a successful car in the world. Nissan is a multinational automaker headquartered in Japan. Its technologies are very advanced. The competition in the car industry is very fierce, while relying on the advanced technology, Nissan is the sixth largest automaker in the world behind Toyota, General Motors, Volkswagen AG, Hyundai Motor Group, and Ford in 2010. It formerly marketed vehicles under the "Datsun" brand name. Its main automotive products are cars and commercial cars. It is famous for its high quality and comfort. The French users are quite familiar with the brands of "the duke", blue jays" and "the manners" which are all the products of Nissan car company. You can always see Nissan cars in the streets. People choose Nissan cars for two reasons: firstly, the quality of the cars are very good, secondly, compared with brands, Nissan cars are affordable. In addition to cars, Nissan also produce aerospace equipments, water transportation, ship engines, etc.
Nissan motor company is a forward-looking and ambitious company. It not only develops in Japan, but also builds its international production base. Except the Mexico factory, it builds American company branch, English company branch, Spain company branch and Australia company branch one after another. In March 1999, Nissan motor company and French Renault car company signed a comprehensive coalition agreement which is to strengthen the financial position of Nissan motor company and obtain a win-win development. In the operation of global business strategies, it has the significance for both companies in the aspects of sales, products and production activities. Nissan motor company and French Renault car company has always been global close parters, while in the cooperation they still maintain their identities and the company strategies respectively. The alliance aims at strengthening the brand reputation and making the brands obviously in the many brands, and it also has the objective that they can compete effectively and strongly in the fierce global market in the 21 st century.
Logistics department is the department which manages the transportation, storage, packing, loading/unloading and logistics information of the input and output materials and products. Logistics management includes every logistics activities, including the management of the transportation, storage and other links. The management of the logistics system is mainly the human, the finance, the material, the equipment, the methods and the information. Logistics activities involve the management of the logistics plan, the quality, the technology, the economy and other functions of the management. The group which I interned is called the Chief Project management Logistics Group. It has three main tasks: firstly, it calculates and summarizes logistic cost; secondly, it analyzes the CPU which means cost per unit; thirdly, it should use a variety of means to optimize the CPU. Supply Chain Management division is a big division which has many branches. It includes SCM planning, Vehicle logistics Dept, Service Parts Logistics Dept, Parts Logistics Engineering Dept and Overseas Parts Logistics Control Dept. While Parts Logistics Engineering Dept also includes Parts logistics Network Group, Package Engineering Group and Chief Project management Logistics Group, and the Chief Project management Logistics Group is the group which I interned. This department organizes the logistics of auto parts. As we all know, the production of automobile needs that the spare parts in the warehouse transport to different factories to assemble according to the production planning of different processes, while the resulting cost is the logistics cost, the CPL Group which I intern is responsible for the logistics cost calculation, and guide logistics planning. It also has other functions:
The function of planning
The function of coordination
The function of business operation
1.2 The main task of this internship
I practiced in Nissan Motor Company from May to September in 2007. Nissan motor company is a company which pays high attention to the views which are from the outside. So every year it will organize different professionals which are related to the car industry to visit its company. After the internship, everyone will have to write an internship report. The report includes the individual opinions involved the following problems:
What do you think the advantage of the company?
What do you think the weakness of the company?
Do you think what departments should improve and reform?
What do you think the biggest threat and opportunity of the company?
E) What do you think the development direction of the company?
………
The questions will be carefully researched by the company. And after that, the company will start to solve the problems. The main task of this internship for us is to visit its logistics department and put forward useful methods. As we all know, the production of automobiles needs that the spare parts in the warehouse transport to different factories to assemble according to the need of the production, while the resulting cost is the logistics cost. The department I practiced is responsible for the logistics cost calculation, and guides the logistics planning. Now the problem is that they don't have a unified database, they basically use Excel table to record dates artificially. The storage of date is scattered and the organization is in disorder. So it is the problem we are to solve. Our proposition is to build a logistics database, achieving the target of optimizing the logistics cost. The functions of the Logistics department are very clear. Generally speaking, the logistics department is a department which manages the enterprise logistics from the overall situation for the whole enterprise, it unifies and manages the logistics which disperse in various sectors. Therefore, it could be said that it is the responsibilities of the logistics department to realize the systematization of the logistics organization. So it is very necessary to build a unified logistics database.
2. The objectives and significance of the study
The objectives of the study mainly have three: firstly, on the basis of understanding the current logistics cost, I should find out the principle problems existed in Nissan logistics; secondly, according to the calculating results of logistics cost, I try to help the group develop a logistics cost optimization planning and establish a logistics management system; finally, the final purpose is to establish a logistics database.
The study has great significance. The Logistics system covers transportation, warehousing, packing, loading and unloading, handling, distribution, logistics information and so on. From the view of the enterprises, they need to reduce the logistics cost in the overall situation, controlling the final system cost. When the enterprise manages the logistics cost effectively, it will make more profit. In the operation of the business activities, logistics permeates in every activity. Logistics has long been seen as the third largest enterprise profit source. In many enterprises, the logistics cost accounts a big proportion of the whole costs. By saving the logistics cost, the enterprise can operates efficiently at low cost, so the enterprise can get the maximum benefit at the lowest cost, finally realizing the sustainable and healthy development of the enterprise. So it has great significance to the development of the enterprise, and it is essential for the enterprise to control the logistics cost in order to be sustain a competitive advantages among the competitors.
3. Current confusions of the department
3.1 Current situations
Nissan is a very big company. It is viewed a great company in the automobile industry. The logistics is very busy and the corresponding information is huge. The logistics include the inbound logistics and the outbound logistics. The target of the CPL group is to control the logistics cost, but they do badly in this aspect. During my time of the internship, I found the current situation is under expectation. They are facing many new challenges and difficulties which need solving forwardly. With the socialization of division, because of the refine of the division, there are more and more workers and their work are more and more simple and limited. They can be compared to screws on the machine. They only consider their own work and do not consider the whole work, thus it is very easy to appear problems in real work, and also because they do not have a logistics database, it is very difficult for them to find where is wrong. They do not have a unified database. The logistics information comes respectively from different holders in excel version, and also the information does not have a uniformed format, which cause confusion in the production. Increasingly, they have found that a unified database is in greater and greater need.
3.2 The problems faced by the company
As described in 4.1, the problems existed in the department of CPL is that they do not have a unified database. The logistics information comes respectively from different holders in excel version. Because this work is done by the manpower, so it is very easy to make mistakes for the workers. The mistakes are like the following: The worker sends the wrong numbers, the worker sends the parts to the wrong place, the worker sends the parts at the wrong time and so on. When they discover the mistakes, it has waste a lot of time and money, and correct the logistics mistakes will cost a bigger losses of time and money. If they have a logistics database, then they can control the logistics in the whole process. Thus they can discover the mistakes in the first time and use the least cost to fix the mistakes. If they can not build a unified database, then the information does not have a uniformed format, which cause confusion in the production. And also it causes unnecessary manpower and work complexity. In a result, the cost of the operation will rise and the efficiency will descend. Consider comprehensively, the problems of Nissan motor company reflects in the following two aspects:
(1)The means of logistics management lags behind
In logistics management, Nissan enterprise still stayed in the time of the paper and pencil. Though equipped with the computers, they have not formed a system, not even a network. In the logistics operation the company also lacks the application of personal computers, artificial intelligence expert system, communication, bar code and scanning, and other advanced information technology. The existing logistics infrastructure can only meet the demand of low level and low efficiency of the logistics service. The professional logistics infrastructure such as logistics center, distribution center, the elevated automatic warehouse etc are at an early development state. Secondly, the logistics organization management system lags behind, which has a big difference compared with the international modern standard.
(2) The lack of the idea of cooperative competition.
In the environment of more and more intense market competition, the customer demands change rapidly and the company is hard to operate. Many enterprises implement the new strategy that the enterprise focuses on resources and cultivates the core ability,. They vigorously develop the core business. They do them bigger and stronger, and in the global scope they seek to outsource the logistics business and have alliance with the whole enterprise. They compete in the domestic and international market with the overall advantages of the whole supply chain. In the fast changing market competition, a single enterprise which depends on his own resource is hard to catch the rate of change. So the enterprise must concentrate the finite resource on the core business and strengthen their own core capability.
|
