指导英国作业：evaluation methods and statistics_英国作业_留学生作业

这是一篇英国留学生作业范文，本研究旨在探讨使用Facebook是否与高债券资本相关，以及使用Facebook与高债券资本绩效的关系。根据大量查阅文献，一些研究表明，对这些发现的解释可能是，Facebook中的身份信息起到了社会润滑剂的作用，鼓励个人将潜在的联系转化为薄弱的联系，并使他们能够广播支持或信息的请求。
This investigation is trying to find if the use Facebook is correlated with high bonding capital and the relation of the use Facebook and high bonding capital performing. According to a lot of accessing to literature, some research has suggested that the explanation for these findings may be that the identity information in Facebook serves as a social lubricant, encouraging individuals to convert latent to weak ties and enabling them to broadcast requests for support or information.

本研究的首要目标是探讨大学生如何使用Facebook来建立和发展社会关系，并评估这些实践对感知社会资本水平的影响。本研究通过在网站上识别特定的沟通实践（即“连接策略”），开发衡量社交资本的尺度，并通过经验评估社交资本与用户的关系，有助于我们理解社交资本。此外，这项研究还发现了Facebook友谊数量和质量的有趣模式，因为它们与社会资本水平有关。
The overarching goal of this study was to explore how undergraduates use Facebook to initiate and develop social relationships and to assess the impact of these practices on perceived social capital levels. This study contributes to our understanding of SNS-enabled social capital by identifying specific communication practices (i.e., ‘connection strategies’) on the site, developing scales to measure them, and empirically assessing their relationship to users’ social capital. Furthermore, this study identifies intriguing patterns regarding the quantity and quality of Facebook Friendships as they relate to levels of social capital.

Facebook为任何人提供了一种很好的方式来连接和进一步扩展他们的网络。拥有一个庞大的异构个人网络，会带来好处，同样也会带来缺点。社交网络网站通常会受到与电视和互联网等技术首次出现时一样的批评。“但是，这些网站在产生积极的联系结果中所起的作用不应被忽视，尤其是考虑到随着时间的推移，强大的联系往往在地理上分散，因此无法将优质的面对面时间花在一起”（Vitak、Ellison和Steinfield，2011年）。因此，更好地了解这些相互作用以及由此产生的社会收益/损失是很重要的。

Facebook provides a great way from any individuals to connect and further expand their network. Having access to a large heterogeneous network of individuals can pose benefits and equally, disadvantages. Social networks sites generally are treated with the same criticism that engulfed technologies like the television and the Internet when they first emerged. “However, the role that these sites play in the accrual of positive bonding outcomes should not be overlooked, especially when considering that strong ties often become geographically dispersed over time and are thus unable to spend quality face-to-face time together”(Vitak, Ellison, & Steinfield, 2011). Therefore gaining a better understanding into the interactions and social gains/losses that result from theses interactions is important.

社会资本与调查
Social Capital and Investigation

Facebook的使用可以充当线下互动的催化剂，而不是替代物，支持早期的研究，这些研究表明“高度参与的用户正在使用Facebook来明确可能保持短暂关系的关系”（Ellison等人，2007:1162）。尽管早期的研究对象是“在线到离线”和“离线到在线”的衡量标准（Ellison等人，2007年），但这些连接策略指向了一种进化的方法来描述互动模式，这种模式超越了“在线”和“离线”两种社会世界，相反，它们承认这些渠道对我来说是深刻的。整合的交流领域。由于Facebook与美国大多数本科生的日常体验紧密结合，我们调查了在实现Facebook“朋友”的利益方面，Facebook支持的社交互动模式是否比其他模式更有效（Ellison等人，2007年）。根据Dolfsma&DannReuther（2003年）的研究，社会资本不仅有明确的、无可争议的含义，而且有因果关系（Resnick，2001年）。这是林（2001）解释的“社会关系投资与市场预期回报”。

Facebook use can act as a catalyst of, rather than a replacement for, offline interaction, supporting earlier research that suggested that ‘highly engaged users are using Facebook to crystallize relationships that might otherwise remain ephemeral’ (Ellison et al., 2007: 1162). Although early work on the subject empl oyed ‘online to offline’ and ‘offline to online’ measures (Ellison et al., 2007), these connection strategies point to an evolved approach to describing interaction patterns which moves beyond dichotomous ‘online’ and ‘offline’ social worlds and instead acknowledges these channels as deeply integrated communicative spheres. Because Facebook is closely integrated into the daily experience of most undergraduate students in the US, we investigated whether some patterns of Facebook-enabled social interaction are more effective than others for actualizing ‘the benefits of Facebook “friends” (Ellison et al., 2007). Social capital is not restricted to a clear, undisputed meaning, but is rather conceived of both a cause and an effect (Resnick, 2001) according to Dolfsma & Dannreuther (2003). It is an "investment in social relations with expected returns in the marketplace" by Lin (2001) interpretation.

在Williams（2006）和Ellison等人的类似研究之后，调查旨在找出Facebook的强度是否与高联系社会资本相关。（2007）。根据现有文献和调查目的，提出以下假设：

The investigation seeks to find if Facebook intensity is correlated with high bonding social capital, following similar work by Williams (2006) and Ellison et al. (2007). Based on existing literature and the purpose of the investigation being conducted, the following hypotheses are proposed:

The alternative hypothesis is supported by studies conducted by Nicole B. Ellison, Charles Steinfieldet al. (2007), showing that there is a positive relationship between Facebook intensity and bonding social capital within a local context. Burke et al. (2011) also state that Facebook data suggest that communication amongst friends lead to social capital gains. However certain studies on Facebook use and perceived bonding capital returned results that where not clear (Vitak, Ellison, & Steinfield, 2011).